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Polecenie
Read the text. For questions 7.1.–7.5., choose the word or phrase which fits best in each gap. Circle the appropriate letter (A, B, C or D).
WHEN WILL MY COMPUTER UNDERSTAND ME?
It's not hard for humans to distinguish the "charge" of a battery from criminal "charges", but for computers, 7.1. _____ between the various meanings of a word is problematic. Even though linguists and computer scientists have been trying hard to get computers to understand human language by programming semantics as software, they have had mixed success. It was driven initially by attempts to translate Russian technical texts during the Cold War, and more recently by data analysis tools. A few of IBM's systems and Google Translate are high-profile, successful applications of language technologies, but even they were at first liable to produce humorous answers and mistranslations, which was evidence of the difficulty of the problem. Using dictionary meanings to train computers to better understand language also 7.2. _____ obstacles. Dictionaries have their own sense distinctions and nuances. However, what is crystal clear to dictionary-makers can be murky to the dictionary reader. Moreover, no two dictionaries provide the same set of meanings, and the same word can 7.3. _____ a different sense depending on the context.
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Watching linguists struggle to make sense of conflicting definitions led researchers to try a different tactic. 7.4. _____ using dictionary entries, why not mine a vast body of texts, which are a reflection of human knowledge and language, and use the implicit connections between the words to create a weighted map of relationships? Different meanings of the same word could be visualised as points in space, either close together or far apart, depending on the meaning in a particular context. In other words, researchers hope to get to a point where a computer will be able to interpret the speaker's intention. Until that goal 7.5. _____, computers won't understand languages as well as a human being does.
adapted from www.sciencedaily.com
7.1.
A. disclosing
B. diverging
C. determining
D. differentiating
7.2.
A. encountered
B. overcame
C. surpassed
D. proved
7.3.
A. bring down
B. take on
C. look up
D. make out
7.4.
A. In view of
B. On behalf of
C. Instead of
D. In case of
7.5.
A. attains
B. was attained
C. might have attained
D. has been attained
7.1. D
7.2. A
7.3. B
7.4. C
7.5. D
poprawna odpowiedź.
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