Umiejętności z tego działu sprawdza 69 zadań wzorowanych na arkuszach IB z lat 2022–2026. Dział pojawia się w 38 z 54 arkuszy w bazie.
A model test cross investigates two autosomal loci in fruit flies. D (dark body) is dominant to d (pale body), and K (long wing) is dominant to k (short wing). A DdKk fly is crossed with ddkk. (i) Calculate the expected number for each phenotype under…
State the genetic term for an individual carrying two different alleles, one dominant and one recessive, at an autosomal locus.
Distinguish between the effects of a dominant allele and a recessive allele under complete dominance.
Two unaffected parents are both carriers of the recessive allele p causing phenylketonuria. Construct a Punnett grid to show the probability that their child has the condition. Use P for the functional allele.
Explain why a typical XY male cannot be an unaffected heterozygous carrier of the recessive haemophilia allele.
Inherited information is encoded in DNA and expressed in phenotypes. (a) Draw a DNA segment containing two base pairs. Label its nucleotide components and the interactions between the bases. (b) Describe how whole-genome sequencing can be used to infer…
In a plant species, flower pigment shows incomplete dominance. A true-breeding dark-magenta plant is crossed with a true-breeding white plant. What flower phenotype is expected in the first generation? A. All flowers have an intermediate pale-magenta colour B.…
Which human trait is an example of a phenotype influenced by many genes? A. ABO blood-group class B. Red-green colour blindness from a single X-linked allele C. Adult height D. Phenylketonuria caused by two recessive PAH alleles
M carries an X-linked recessive haemophilia allele. N has no copy of that allele. What is the probability that the male T has haemophilia, disregarding new mutations? A. 100% B. 50% C. 0% D. 12.5%
A class measures the heights of students of the same age. The distribution is shown below. Which combination best explains this continuous variation? A. A single recessive allele and ABO blood group B. Effects of several genes together with differences in…
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