Umiejętności z tego działu sprawdza 70 zadań wzorowanych na arkuszach IB z lat 2022–2026. Dział pojawia się w 36 z 54 arkuszy w bazie.
Two upright oat coleoptiles receive light from the left. A thin impermeable insert is placed just below the tip on opposite sides of P and Q. The diagram records their appearance before and after exposure. (i) Identify the directional response of Q. (ii)…
In darkness, ten similar oat shoot tips are placed on separate agar blocks. A different block is collected after each contact time shown. After its tip is removed, each block is placed on the right half of a freshly cut shoot. All treated shoots remain in…
Outline how ethylene can coordinate rapid ripening among neighbouring fruits.
State one plant hormone associated with production in shoot tips and one associated with production in root tips.
Outline the response of a young shoot when illumination comes mainly from its left side.
State the missing entries P, Q and R in this summary of human endocrine signalling.
Chemical messages coordinate cells and whole organisms. (a) Describe bacterial quorum sensing. (b) Outline roles of calcium ions in animal-cell signalling. (c) Explain how plant hormones regulate growth through signalling.
A model tomato crop progresses from hard green fruit through a pale orange stage to soft red fruit. Which pattern of ethylene release and feedback is expected during rapid ripening? A. Falling ethylene with a self-amplifying loop B. Rising ethylene with a…
Which description is compatible with a peripheral nerve supplying the skin and nearby skeletal muscle? A. A bundle that may contain sensory and motor axons, some insulated by myelin B. A chain of interneuron cell bodies joined by synapses along its entire…
Which cells carry the final nervous signal from the central nervous system to contract a skeletal muscle during withdrawal of a limb? A. Retinal receptor cells B. Spinal interneurons only C. Motor neurons with terminals on muscle fibres D. Glial cells forming…
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