Zadanie 1
A cell has chloroplasts, a nucleus and cytoplasmic 80S ribosomes. Which source is consistent with these observations? A. A fungal hypha B. A cyanobacterial filament C. A green leaf of a fern D. A mammalian nerve
Biology SL Paper 1, May 2022, TZ1
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W bazie 23 zadania z tego arkusza, razem 23 punkty, każde z kluczem i schematem punktowania. Najwięcej zadań sprawdza: Evaluating biological evidence and methods (2).
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Dodaj cały arkusz do zestawuZadanie 3
Which combination describes the requirements and energy use of facilitated diffusion? A. A suitable protein and a gradient, with no direct ATP use B. A protein and ATP hydrolysis, always against the gradient C. ATP hydrolysis without any membrane protein D. A…
Zadanie 6
Which interaction is a hydrogen bond between two water molecules? A. The covalent O–H link within a single molecule B. An attraction from a partially positive hydrogen to an oxygen on a neighbouring molecule C. A covalent bond directly linking their two oxygen…
Zadanie 7
Two free amino acids join to make one dipeptide, releasing a water molecule. How is this reaction classified? A. Hydrolysis of a peptide bond B. Reduction of a nucleotide C. Condensation forming a peptide bond D. Replication of a polypeptide
Zadanie 8
The enzyme was assayed for the same duration at each temperature with fresh substrate and a fixed initial enzyme concentration. What best explains the decrease above 42°C? A. The substrate must become chemically identical to the enzyme B. Molecular collisions…
- Materiał graficzny
Zadanie 9
A DNA molecule contains 360 guanine nucleotides, which are 30% of all its nucleotides. Assuming one phosphate per nucleotide, how many phosphate groups does it contain? A. 108 B. 720 C. 1200 D. 1560
Zadanie 10
A polypeptide contains 174 amino-acid residues. How many mRNA nucleotides specify these amino acids? Exclude untranslated regions and the stop codon. A. 58 B. 174 C. 348 D. 522
Zadanie 11
Which explanation is consistent with the rise shown in this exercise model? A. Increasing reliance on lactate-forming pathways can exceed lactate clearance B. Complete absence of oxygen must occur throughout the body C. Lactate production always stops at high…
- Materiał graficzny
Zadanie 12
At 320 µL L⁻¹ CO₂ on the low-illumination curve, which factor is shown to limit the rate? Temperature is held constant. A. Carbon dioxide alone, because adding more immediately increases that curve B. Light availability, because stronger illumination increases…
- Materiał graficzny
Zadanie 13
The following rounded gene counts are illustrative estimates. Which interpretation is justified? Organism | Approximate gene count Bacterium | 4100 Yeast | 6100 Nematode | 20000 Mouse | 22000 Flowering plant | 31000 Human | 21000 A. The plant must produce…
Zadanie 14
Which statement correctly describes chromosome content in a typical mature human egg? A. It contains 44 autosomes and no sex chromosome B. It contains 23 pairs of autosomes C. It contains 22 autosomes and one X chromosome D. It contains one Y chromosome and…
Zadanie 15
One diploid germ cell completes ordinary meiosis during sperm production. Which outcome describes the nuclear products before differentiation? A. Two diploid nuclei with identical alleles B. Four haploid nuclei, normally with the same chromosome number C. Four…
Zadanie 16
A fully penetrant autosomal dominant condition is caused by allele D. Two heterozygous parents are Dd. What is the chance that a child inherits the condition? A. One quarter B. One half C. Three quarters D. All children
Zadanie 17
Which collection constitutes the biological community of a small pond? A. All its dragonflies only B. Its water, sediment and dissolved oxygen alone C. All interacting populations of living organisms in the pond D. All organisms of one species across every…
Zadanie 18
Water fleas feed on algae, small fish eat water fleas, and herons eat the fish. Which energy pyramid has the correct trophic order and relative energy availability? A. Pyramid A B. Pyramid B C. Pyramid C D. Pyramid D
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Zadanie 19
Which processes can transfer carbon along X and Y? A. X: photosynthesis; Y: burial B. X: respiration; Y: combustion C. X: feeding; Y: photosynthesis D. X: fossil formation; Y: nitrogen fixation
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Zadanie 20
Embryos of several vertebrate groups develop a similar post-anal tail, even when this structure is reduced before adulthood. Which interpretation best explains this shared developmental feature? A. They inherited a developmental pattern from a common ancestor…
Zadanie 21
Which explanation is consistent with the trend in this constructed bacterial dataset? A. The antibiotic gives every bacterium an inherited need to resist it B. Resistance means that bacteria have human-like acquired immunity C. Resistant variants can survive…
- Materiał graficzny
Zadanie 24
Which statement correctly connects dietary starch to a human carbohydrate store? A. Starch is converted into amino acids before it can be stored B. Human cells store intact starch granules as their main reserve C. Starch digestion produces glucose that can be…
Zadanie 25
Which component is present in the walls of both veins and blood capillaries? A. A thick continuous layer of elastic fibres B. Endothelial cells C. Several layers of smooth muscle cells D. Valve leaflets throughout every vessel
Zadanie 26
Which pair correctly links a possible route of HIV transmission to a consequence of untreated infection? A. Drinking chlorinated tap water — direct destruction of erythrocytes B. Receiving infected blood — reduced immune defence as susceptible lymphocytes are…
Zadanie 28
What is a function of the structure labelled X? A. It increases conduction speed along the axon B. It is the site where every neurotransmitter is released C. It contains the nucleus for the entire neuron D. It reverses the direction of every action potential
- Materiał graficzny
Zadanie 30
After a carbohydrate-containing meal, which response in skeletal muscle is promoted by insulin? A. Reduced uptake of glucose from the blood B. Replacement of glucose transporters by haemoglobin C. Increased uptake of glucose from the blood D. Destruction of…