Zadanie 7, Paper 2, maj 2022, TZ2, Biologia IB SL
Wzorowane na: Biology SL Paper 2, May 2022, TZ2, pytanie 7. Treść, dane i kontekst są zmienione; sprawdzane umiejętności, format i punktacja jak w oryginale.
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Zadanie
Polecenie
Water availability can influence which plants survive in a community.
(a) Outline energy flow through a natural community.
(b) Explain how natural selection can increase drought resistance in a wild plant population.
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Pokaż rozwiązanieUkryj rozwiązanieKlucz i punktacja
Odpowiedź z klucza
(a) A community contains populations of different species. ✔
Producers receive light energy from the Sun. ✔
Photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy. ✔
Organic compounds store chemical energy. ✔
Feeding transfers energy through food chains. ✔
Respiration converts energy in carbon compounds into forms usable for cellular work. ✔
Energy is ultimately dissipated as heat. ✔
Energy is not recycled within the community. ✔
Losses between trophic levels limit food-chain length or upper-level biomass OR approximately 10% of energy passes to the next trophic level (an approximate generalization, not a universal constant). ✔
(b) Individuals vary in drought resistance. ✔
Mutation produces new genetic variation. ✔
Meiosis produces different combinations of alleles. ✔
Sexual reproduction combines alleles in new ways. ✔
Some inherited variants improve drought tolerance. ✔
Examples include deeper roots, water-storage tissues, thicker cuticles or reduced stomatal opening. ✔
Such variants improve survival and reproduction under drought OR provide a selective advantage. ✔
Their alleles are inherited by offspring. ✔
The frequency of advantageous variants increases. ✔
Over generations the population evolves greater drought resistance. ✔
Quality: the response is clear on first reading, concise and contains little repetition or irrelevant material. ✔
Schemat punktowania
Part (a):any 5,maximum 5. Part (b):any 7,maximum 7. Award 1 independent quality mark. Total 13. Original7(c), evaluation of genetically modified crops, omitted by scope filter.
Umiejętności w zadaniu
- Generating the variation available to selectionĆwicz podobne
- Inheritance as a requirement for selection responseĆwicz podobne
- Communities as interacting populationsĆwicz podobne
- Relative fitness and reproductive successĆwicz podobne
- Energy transfer through feedingĆwicz podobne
- Energy constraints on food-chain lengthĆwicz podobne
- Light-powered and chemical-powered autotrophyĆwicz podobne
- Respiratory heat loss from ecosystemsĆwicz podobne