Umiejętności z tego działu sprawdza 45 zadań wzorowanych na arkuszach IB z lat 2022–2026. Dział pojawia się w 26 z 54 arkuszy w bazie.
Directional processes depend on structures that constrain movement. (a) Outline how structures in the human circulatory system limit backward blood flow. (b) Explain why transmission across a chemical synapse proceeds from the presynaptic to the postsynaptic…
A thermocycler follows the temperature programme shown. What is the purpose of holding the mixture at stage X? A. To expose the templates by melting hydrogen bonds B. To permit primers to anneal at the lowest temperature C. To allow the thermostable polymerase…
A thermocycler repeats DNA strand separation, primer binding and strand extension. Which change correctly connects the primer-binding and extension stages? A. The temperature rises from the annealing range towards the polymerase’s extension temperature B. The…
Determine whether this is transcription or replication, giving a reason from the newly assembled strand.
(i) Identify the bond type indicated by Z. (ii) Explain how two enzymes form this type of bond while DNA is copied.
During bacterial chromosome replication, which enzyme can remove a wrongly incorporated nucleotide while checking the newly made strand? A. The enzyme that unwinds the parental duplex B. DNA polymerase III C. The enzyme that seals gaps between adjacent…
Each panel proposes the strand composition of two DNA molecules after one round of replication. Which panel represents semiconservative replication? A. Panels Q and R B. Panel Q only C. Panel R only D. Panel P only
DNA fragments move through an agarose gel from the wells shown. Which deduction is supported? A. P travelled furthest and represents smaller DNA fragments than Q B. Q is positively charged and moves toward the negative electrode C. Q must have a lower…
DNA fragments begin in wells near the negative electrode of the gel shown. Which fragment would move farthest towards the positive electrode during the same run? A. 7 kb, positively charged B. 3 kb, negatively charged C. 9 kb, negatively charged D. 1 kb,…
A physiology course examines how biological systems preserve stable information and internal conditions. (a) Explain mechanisms that reduce copying errors during DNA replication. (b) Describe regulation of blood glucose in humans. (c) Explain why extracellular…
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