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At a locus showing incomplete dominance in snapdragons, homozygous crimson and ivory plants produce only pale-rose heterozygotes. What phenotypic proportions are expected when two of these heterozygotes are crossed? A. Half crimson and half ivory, with no…
In a snapdragon line showing incomplete dominance, crimson homozygotes and ivory homozygotes produce pale-rose heterozygotes. A pale-rose plant is crossed with an ivory plant. Which result is expected? A. Only crimson offspring B. Crimson and ivory offspring…
In a snapdragon cross, homozygous deep-red plants and homozygous white plants produce pink heterozygous offspring. Which explanation fits this observation? A. Complete dominance, because the offspring resemble one homozygote B. Incomplete dominance, because…
Which sequence correctly links hormonal changes to the onset of puberty? A. Pituitary LH rises → hypothalamic GnRH falls → gonadal steroid output stops B. Hypothalamic GnRH release increases → pituitary LH release increases → gonadal sex-steroid production…
Let P represent a functional allele and p a recessive allele associated with phenylketonuria. Which combination identifies the affected genotype and the disrupted metabolic conversion? A. PP; tyrosine cannot be converted into glucose B. Pp; phenylalanine…
During prolonged exercise on a warm day, blood flow through skin vessels increases. What is the main benefit? A. The skin removes all lactate directly into sweat B. More heat transfers from the body core to the surroundings C. Digestion is accelerated in skin…
Penguins are birds and seals are mammals. Both swim using flattened forelimbs with corresponding humerus, radius and ulna bones. Which evolutionary interpretation best explains these observations? A. The swimming specialisations are homologous because the…
Which observation would support calling two structures analogous? A. They perform similar roles but their specialised forms arose independently B. They occur only in members of one species C. They have identical DNA sequences at every locus D. They differ in…
A shark and an ichthyosaur independently evolved streamlined bodies from ancestors with different body forms. Which interpretation best describes this similarity? A. Artificial selection producing homologous wings B. Divergent evolution producing homologous…
The great auk was a flightless seabird of the North Atlantic that became extinct in the nineteenth century. Which human pressure is recognised as the principal cause of its extinction? A. Unsustainable harvesting of individuals and eggs B. Nutrient enrichment…