Zadanie 1f, Paper 2, listopad 2023, TZ1, Biologia IB SL
Wzorowane na: Biology SL Paper 2, November 2023, TZ1, pytanie 1(f). Treść, dane i kontekst są zmienione; sprawdzane umiejętności, format i punktacja jak w oryginale.
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Zadanie
Polecenie
Informacja do zadań 1 a-1 f.
The following datasets are hypothetical models of a severe wildfire season in a coastal region. Fires were particularly widespread from November to January. Five independent programmes estimate the carbon dioxide released during these three months.
| Comparison | CO₂ emissions / Tg |
|---|---|
| Typical annual wildfire emissions across the entire country | 440 |
| Typical annual fossil-fuel emissions across the entire country | 420 |
| Typical November–January wildfire emissions in the study region | 12 |
| Mean of five estimates for the exceptional season in the study region | 730 |
Smoke contains airborne particles and droplets, including soot and compounds containing nitrogen, phosphorus and iron. Winds carry this aerosol over an adjacent ocean study area. Aerosol optical density (AOD) measures its effect on transmitted light. Water chlorophyll concentration is proportional to phytoplankton abundance.
At a downwind air-sampling station, filters are analysed for iron and levoglucosan. Levoglucosan forms when plant carbohydrates burn and therefore acts as a tracer of biomass combustion.
Zadanie 1 f.
In the ocean study area, low iron availability usually limits chlorophyll production and phytoplankton growth. Suggest a hypothesis explaining the exceptional chlorophyll pattern.
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Odpowiedź z klucza
Wildfire-derived iron was deposited from the aerosol into the ocean. ✔
The additional iron relieved limitation and increased chlorophyll production or phytoplankton growth. ✔
Schemat punktowania
Award 1 for a relevant proposed condition or process and 1 for linked biological reasoning. Accept other reasonable hypotheses consistent with the observations.