Zadanie 7, Paper 2, listopad 2023, TZ1, Biologia IB SL
Wzorowane na: Biology SL Paper 2, November 2023, TZ1, pytanie 7. Treść, dane i kontekst są zmienione; sprawdzane umiejętności, format i punktacja jak w oryginale.
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Zadanie
Polecenie
(a) Describe how increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide can change coral reef ecosystems.
(b) Explain how natural selection changes a population.
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Pokaż rozwiązanieUkryj rozwiązanieKlucz i punktacja
Odpowiedź z klucza
(a)
Dissolved carbon dioxide can form carbonic acid or release hydrogen ions OR lower seawater pH. ✔
Other reef organisms may be harmed or decline. ✔
Carbonate-ion availability is reduced. ✔
Reduced calcification can damage corals OR molluscs can fail to form shells OR warming associated with greenhouse gases can cause coral bleaching. ✔
Additional dissolved carbon dioxide can initially increase photosynthesis in some autotrophs. ✔
Coral loss changes habitats and can reduce the biodiversity of the whole reef. ✔
(b)
Individuals vary. ✔
Mutation or sexual reproduction generates variation. ✔
More offspring are produced than available resources can support, creating competition. ✔
Environmental change can alter selection pressures or increase competition. ✔
Better-adapted individuals are more likely to survive. ✔
Variants improving escape from predators, disease resistance or access to food can be advantageous. ✔
Survivors are more likely to breed or leave more offspring. ✔
Heritable variants are passed to offspring. ✔
Advantageous alleles or traits become more frequent over generations. ✔
Quality of communication: Clear on first reading, concise and without unnecessary repetition or irrelevant material. ✔
Schemat punktowania
Part(a): award any 4 listed points, maximum 4. Part(b): award any 7 listed points, maximum 7. Award 1 independent communication mark across the retained response. Maximum 12. Annotated diagrams and scientifically equivalent wording may earn corresponding points.