Zadanie 7, Paper 2, listopad 2024, TZ1, Biologia IB SL
Wzorowane na: Biology SL Paper 2, November 2024, TZ1, pytanie 7. Treść, dane i kontekst są zmienione; sprawdzane umiejętności, format i punktacja jak w oryginale.
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Zadanie
Polecenie
Bacterial cells express genetic information, and inherited variation can affect survival during antibiotic treatment.
(a) Draw and label a single RNA nucleotide.
(b) Explain how RNA enables a polypeptide to be assembled during translation.
(c) Outline how changes in bacterial genetic material can lead to antibiotic resistance.
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Pokaż rozwiązanieUkryj rozwiązanieKlucz i punktacja
Odpowiedź z klucza
(a) A pentagonal ribose sugar is drawn and labelled. ✔
A nitrogenous base is correctly attached to the sugar’s 1′ position and labelled. ✔
A phosphate group is correctly attached through the 5′ carbon at the 4′ side of the sugar and labelled. ✔
(b) RNA conveys the genetic information used to make a polypeptide. ✔
Both mRNA and tRNA take part. ✔
The mRNA sequence specifies the order of amino acids. ✔
mRNA binds to a ribosome. ✔
Three-base mRNA codons specify amino acids. ✔
A tRNA has a three-base anticodon. ✔
Each tRNA carries its corresponding amino acid. ✔
tRNA associates with a codon in the mRNA. ✔
Codon and anticodon pair by complementary base pairing. ✔
The amino acid carried by tRNA is linked to the growing chain. ✔
(c) A bacterial population has genetic variation. ✔
Mutation changes DNA randomly. ✔
Some changes confer increased resistance. ✔
Antibiotic exposure selects resistant variants. ✔
Resistant cells survive and reproduce. ✔
Resistance genes are inherited by descendants. ✔
The proportion of resistant bacteria increases over generations. ✔
Quality of communication: the whole response is clear, concise and organized, with little repetition or irrelevant material. ✔
Schemat punktowania
Part (a): 1 for each correct labelled component and connection, maximum 3. Accept circles, pentagons and rectangles as a schematic; carbon numbering or an explicit fifth carbon is not required. Part (b): any 7 distinct points, maximum 7. Part (c): any 5, maximum 5. Award 1 independent communication mark. Maximum 16.
Umiejętności w zadaniu
- Cooperation of RNA and ribosomes in translationĆwicz podobne
- Building an RNA strandĆwicz podobne
- Elongation of a polypeptide at the ribosomeĆwicz podobne
- Generating the variation available to selectionĆwicz podobne
- Inheritance as a requirement for selection responseĆwicz podobne
- Parts of a nucleotideĆwicz podobne
- Matching codons with anticodonsĆwicz podobne
- Relative fitness and reproductive successĆwicz podobne
- Converting an mRNA message into a polypeptideĆwicz podobne