Zadanie 7, Paper 2, listopad 2025, TZ1, Biologia IB SL
Wzorowane na: Biology SL Paper 2, November 2025, TZ1, pytanie 7. Treść, dane i kontekst są zmienione; sprawdzane umiejętności, format i punktacja jak w oryginale.
Darmowe konto pozwoli wrócić do niego później.
Zadanie
Polecenie
Organisms show a variety of structural and physiological adaptations.
(a) Explain the evolution of analogous structures.
(b) Describe typical adaptations of plants in hot deserts.
(c) Suggest adaptations that enable herbivores to obtain or digest plant food.
One additional mark is available for clear, concise construction of the complete response.
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Pokaż rozwiązanieUkryj rozwiązanieKlucz i punktacja
Odpowiedź z klucza
(a) Maximum4:
Natural selection drives evolutionary change. ✔
Analogous features result from convergent evolution. ✔
They have similar functions despite independent ancestry. ✔
Similar environments impose similar selection pressures. ✔
Similar functional demands favour similar structures. ✔
For example, independently streamlined bodies in sharks and whales aid swimming. ✔
(b) Maximum7:
Spreading roots gather water from a wide area. ✔
Succulent tissues store water for dry periods. ✔
Deep roots access underground water. ✔
Upright stems reduce midday solar heating OR pleated stems permit water-related expansion and contraction. ✔
Few stomata reduce transpiration. ✔
A waxy cuticle reduces water loss. ✔
Night-time stomatal opening reduces transpiration. ✔
Absent, narrow or spine-like leaves reduce area or water loss. ✔
Rolled leaves or hairs around stomata retain humid air. ✔
Sunken stomata reduce water loss. ✔
(c) Maximum4:
Piercing mouthparts or stylets extract sap. ✔
Chewing mandibles process leaves, stems or wood. ✔
Ridged molars grind plant tissue. ✔
A large caecum, long intestine or multi-chambered stomach supports digestion. ✔
Detoxification mechanisms neutralize plant chemicals. ✔
Cellulase production OR symbiotic cellulase-producing microbes permit cellulose digestion. ✔
Long tongues or beaks can extract nectar; accept another verified feeding or digestive adaptation. ✔
Construction:1 mark for clear, concise communication across the complete response.
Schemat punktowania
Parts(a),(b),(c):max4,7,4 respectively. Maximum15 content plus1 independent construction mark, total16.