Zadanie 8, Paper 2, maj 2025, TZ3, Biologia IB SL
Wzorowane na: Biology SL Paper 2, May 2025, TZ3, pytanie 8. Treść, dane i kontekst są zmienione; sprawdzane umiejętności, format i punktacja jak w oryginale.
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Zadanie
Polecenie
Biological function depends on coordinated structures and recurring processes.
(a) Outline the roles and regulation of progesterone during the menstrual cycle.
(b) Describe the polymerase chain reaction.
(c) Explain how carbon is recycled through a terrestrial ecosystem.
One additional mark is available for clear, concise communication.
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Pokaż rozwiązanieUkryj rozwiązanieKlucz i punktacja
Odpowiedź z klucza
(a)
LH stimulates progesterone production OR the ovary/corpus luteum produces it. ✔
Progesterone inhibits FSH and LH. ✔
Reduced FSH prevents further follicle development. ✔
Reduced LH prevents further ovulation. ✔
Progesterone maintains or thickens the endometrium. ✔
Suppression of FSH/LH is negative feedback. ✔
Without fertilization progesterone falls or the corpus luteum degenerates OR after pregnancy begins progesterone remains high or the corpus luteum is initially maintained. ✔
(b)
PCR amplifies a selected DNA region. ✔
Heating separates the DNA strands by disrupting hydrogen bonds. ✔
The mixture is then cooled. ✔
Primers bind to target-complementary sites or define the segment to copy. ✔
A thermostable polymerase such as Taq tolerates the high-temperature steps. ✔
Polymerase joins nucleotides into new DNA strands. ✔
Repeated cycles generate many copies. ✔
(c)
Photosynthetic organisms take up carbon dioxide. ✔
Producers release carbon dioxide in respiration. ✔
Fixed carbon becomes organic compounds such as sugars or cellulose. ✔
Feeding transfers organic carbon to consumers. ✔
Consumers or other heterotrophs release carbon dioxide by respiration. ✔
Death adds organic material to detritus. ✔
Saprotrophs digest dead organic matter. ✔
Decomposer respiration returns carbon dioxide. ✔
Incomplete decomposition can form peat or fossil-fuel stores OR anaerobic processes can release methane. ✔
Burning biomass or fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide. ✔
Quality: the whole answer is clear on first reading, focused and concise. ✔
Schemat punktowania
Part(a):any4, max4; part(b):any4, max4; part(c):any7, max7. One holistic communication mark; total16.