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The following rounded gene counts are illustrative estimates. Which interpretation is justified? Organism | Approximate gene count Bacterium | 4100 Yeast | 6100 Nematode | 20000 Mouse | 22000 Flowering plant | 31000 Human | 21000 A. The plant must produce…
Which description best defines alleles of a gene? A. Alternative versions of that gene with differences in DNA sequence B. Different organelles containing exactly the same protein C. All unrelated genes found on one chromosome D. Proteins that must always give…
Which statement correctly describes chromosome content in a typical mature human egg? A. It contains 44 autosomes and no sex chromosome B. It contains 23 pairs of autosomes C. It contains 22 autosomes and one X chromosome D. It contains one Y chromosome and…
One diploid germ cell completes ordinary meiosis during sperm production. Which outcome describes the nuclear products before differentiation? A. Two diploid nuclei with identical alleles B. Four haploid nuclei, normally with the same chromosome number C. Four…
This pedigree shows a fully penetrant inherited condition. Assume no new mutations. Which pattern fits it? A. Autosomal dominant inheritance B. Y-linked inheritance C. X-linked dominant inheritance D. Autosomal recessive inheritance
A fully penetrant autosomal dominant condition is caused by allele D. Two heterozygous parents are Dd. What is the chance that a child inherits the condition? A. One quarter B. One half C. Three quarters D. All children
A livestock procedure begins with fertilization, followed by divisions and separation of the cells shown. What is structure X before separation? A. A cluster of unfertilized eggs B. An early embryo C. One ovarian follicle D. A cluster of independently…
Which collection constitutes the biological community of a small pond? A. All its dragonflies only B. Its water, sediment and dissolved oxygen alone C. All interacting populations of living organisms in the pond D. All organisms of one species across every…
Quadrats are scored for the presence of two grassland plants. A chi-squared test of association gives χ2 = 1.87; the critical value at the chosen significance level is 3.84. What conclusion is justified? A. The two plants are proved to occupy identical…
Water fleas feed on algae, small fish eat water fleas, and herons eat the fish. Which energy pyramid has the correct trophic order and relative energy availability? A. Pyramid A B. Pyramid B C. Pyramid C D. Pyramid D