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A class measures the heights of students of the same age. The distribution is shown below. Which combination best explains this continuous variation? A. A single recessive allele and ABO blood group B. Effects of several genes together with differences in…
Which pairing correctly describes the effects of insulin and glucagon? A. Insulin lowers blood glucose; glucagon promotes glucose release from the liver B. Insulin raises blood glucose; glucagon prevents all hepatic glucose release C. Both hormones always…
The diagram shows a change in skin arterioles following a change in environmental temperature. Which response is likely to accompany it? A. More sweat secreted to the skin surface B. Increased shivering activity in skeletal muscles C. Body hairs lying flatter…
Consider evidence used to investigate shared ancestry and inherited evolutionary change. I. Comparisons of homologous RNA sequences II. A claim that two independently evolved flight surfaces must share a recent wing-bearing ancestor III. Inherited changes…
The limb plans below retain corresponding bones despite their different uses. Which kind of evidence for common ancestry do they illustrate? A. Analogy produced only by the same habitat B. Unrelated structures that happen to perform identical functions C.…
The streamlined bodies of a shark and a dolphin evolved in separate vertebrate lineages. Which interpretation is correct? A. A similar aquatic demand has favoured convergent evolution of an analogous overall form B. The dolphin descended directly from the…
A threatened woodland dormouse depends on connected patches of native shrubs. Which action is an in situ conservation measure? A. Maintaining a breeding colony entirely in an overseas zoological collection B. Freezing tissue samples in a laboratory collection…
Which conclusion best matches broad estimates of global species richness through evolutionary history? A. Discovery of new species stopped once genome sequencing became available B. The present contains a very high total diversity, probably exceeding earlier…
Which loss of woodland has a directly anthropogenic cause? A. A storm uproots mature trees B. A natural lightning strike ignites dry litter C. A newly constructed reservoir submerges the forest D. A naturally occurring fungal outbreak kills seedlings
This simplified diagram positions terrestrial biomes along two increasing climatic variables. What do X and Y represent? A. X: annual temperature; Y: annual precipitation B. X: annual precipitation; Y: annual temperature C. X: soil nitrogen; Y: day length D.…