Describe a voltaic cell built from two metal/metal-ion half-cells, a salt bridge and an external circuit, explain the direction of electron flow from anode to cathode and the movement of ions through the salt bridge, and write the electrode reactions.
Tę umiejętność sprawdzają 22 zadania wzorowane na arkuszach IB z lat 2022–2026.
Iron and nickel can be used to design a voltaic cell. Fe(s) + Ni2+(aq) → Fe2+(aq) + Ni(s) (i) Annotate the diagram with the appropriate electrodes, electrolyte solutions and the direction of electron flow. (ii) The redox reactions in some voltaic…
Which combination is correct for this cell, when nickel is more reactive than silver? A. Cathode: silver; anode: nickel; sign on cathode: -; sign on anode: + B. Cathode: nickel; anode: silver; sign on cathode: -; sign on anode: + C. Cathode: nickel; anode:…
Both of the reactions below occur spontaneously at room temperature. Zn(s) + Fe2+(aq) → Zn2+(aq) + Fe(s) Fe(s) + Sn2+(aq) → Fe2+(aq) + Sn(s) Which conclusion can be drawn about a voltaic cell built from the half-cells…
What occurs during the operation of a galvanic cell containing zinc, Zn, and nickel, Ni? Zn(s) ∣ Zn2+(aq) ∣∣ Ni2+(aq) ∣ Ni(s) I. Zinc atoms are oxidized at the anode II. Electrons flow through the external circuit from the nickel electrode to the zinc…
Describe the setup that would connect the Sn4+/Sn2+ half-cell to a second half-cell for comparing the two electrode potentials.
(i) In the nickel–metal hydride (NiMH) rechargeable battery the negative electrode is a metal alloy, M, that absorbs hydrogen. The two electrode reactions during discharge are shown below.…
Which statement correctly describes a type of electrochemical cell? A. A secondary cell operates as a voltaic cell when discharging and as an electrolytic cell when it is recharged B. A primary (voltaic) cell converts electrical energy into chemical energy C.…
The diagram shows a voltaic cell made from a zinc half-cell and a copper half-cell. The salt bridge contains aqueous potassium nitrate, KNO3(aq). Electrons flow through the external circuit in the direction shown. Use section 19 of the data booklet to…
Which statement is correct for a voltaic cell made from a zinc half-cell and a copper half-cell? The standard electrode potential of the zinc half-cell is more negative than that of the copper half-cell. A. Zinc is the cathode. B. Electrons flow through the…
Zinc lies above nickel in the reactivity series. A voltaic cell is made from a zinc electrode in Zn2+(aq) and a nickel electrode in Ni2+(aq). The electrodes are connected by a wire with a voltmeter, and the two solutions are connected by a salt…
The diagram shows the apparatus. The left-hand half-cell is the anode and the right-hand half-cell is the cathode; the electrodes and solutions are not labelled. State which electrode and which solution are in each half-cell, and state the direction of…
Outline the function of the salt bridge in this cell.
A lithium-ion cell in a mobile phone can be recharged, but a zinc–carbon cell in a torch cannot. Outline why.
A voltaic cell is constructed from a half-cell of metal M in a solution of M2+ ions and a half-cell of metal N in a solution of N2+ ions. The half-cells are joined by a salt bridge and an external wire.…
Sketch the voltaic cell that would produce the greatest cell potential (EMF) using the metals and solutions in this experiment. On your diagram label the metal and the solution in each half-cell, the anode, the cathode, the salt bridge and the direction of…
(i) Outline why electrons flow from the iron half-cell to the copper half-cell when the two are connected by a wire. Use section 19 of the data booklet. (ii) Formulate equations for the reactions taking place at the anode (negative electrode) and at the…
Both hydrogen and methanol can be used as fuels in fuel cells. Outline one way in which a fuel cell differs from a primary (voltaic) cell.
Which statement describes a voltaic cell? A. It converts electrical energy to chemical energy using a spontaneous redox reaction B. It converts chemical energy to electrical energy using a non-spontaneous redox reaction C. It converts electrical energy to…
A voltaic cell is assembled from the two half-cells below, connected by a salt bridge. Which statement is correct? A. Anions move from the salt bridge into the magnesium half-cell B. Anions move from the salt bridge into the copper half-cell C. Electrons flow…
A battery is connected in a circuit. The arrows show the direction of electron flow. What does terminal X of the battery represent? A. Anode and positive terminal B. Anode and negative terminal C. Cathode and positive terminal D. Cathode and negative terminal
The diagram shows an unlabelled voltaic cell for the reaction: Ni(s) + 2 Ag+(aq) → Ni2+(aq) + 2 Ag(s) (i) Identify, using species from the equation, what W, X, Y and Z are, and state the direction of electron flow in the external circuit. (ii) Write the…
A voltaic cell is based on the reaction Zn(s) + Ni2+(aq) → Zn2+(aq) + Ni(s) The half-cells are connected by a salt bridge containing aqueous potassium nitrate. What happens when the cell operates? A. Electrons flow from Ni to Zn; anions in the…
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