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F. NOT ONLY BELOW GROUND

IN LONDON THEY CALL IT "THE TUBE"

4.1.

Opened in 1863, the London Underground, informally known nowadays as "the Tube", is the oldest transport system of its kind in the world, and Londoners can't imagine their lives without it. Despite the name, over half of the stations are above ground. In fact, only 45% of the network is actually in tunnels, and many underground stations have impressive buildings at street level.

4.2.

1908 was an important year for the Tube. That year it was given the name "the Underground" and the first electric ticket machine was installed. It was also the year that the famous circle logo, which is still in use today, was introduced. In the years that followed, new technologies made the Underground safer and more efficient. For example, in 1911, the first escalators were installed, and in 1929, the doors of the trains started to open automatically.

4.3.

Some stations have closed, mostly due to the low numbers of passengers getting on and off at them, but that doesn't mean that they are no longer used. Aldwych station, for example, is now a film location for many TV shows and films and can be visited by the public. South Kentish Town station, which was closed in 1924, currently has three escape rooms.

4.4.

Statistics show that Londoners spend up to 18 months of their lives travelling on the Underground. The transport network in London is constantly being improved. The first ever air-conditioned walk-through Tube trains are now in operation on some lines, and there are plans to introduce a new generation of trains that will be fully automated. They will also be energy efficient, walk-through and air-cooled. Moreover, it is planned that 50% of stations will be step-free by 2030.