Zadania wzorowane na pytaniach z tego arkusza: te same umiejętności, format i punktacja, inne dane i kontekst. Treści arkusza IB nie publikujemy.
W bazie 32 zadania z tego arkusza, razem 32 punkty, każde z kluczem i schematem punktowania. Najwięcej zadań sprawdza: Recording and interpreting biological data (4), Organization of a eukaryotic cell (2), Evidence for endosymbiotic organelles (2).
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Dodaj cały arkusz do zestawuTwo cells descended from the same fertilized egg develop different structures and functions. What principally explains their specialization? A. Each cell replaces all its chromosomes with unrelated DNA B. Different sets of genes are expressed during…
Which feature is characteristic of eukaryotic organization compared with a typical bacterial cell? A. A plasma membrane surrounding cytoplasm B. Ribosomes used to make proteins C. Membrane-bound internal compartments such as a nucleus D. DNA containing the…
Living epidermal cells from a plant leaf are transferred from distilled water to a strongly hypertonic solution. What change is expected? A. The cell wall dissolves immediately B. Water enters until the protoplast bursts through the wall C. The vacuole expands…
Which observation supports an endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria? A. They contain their own DNA B. They are made only of cellulose C. They have no internal membranes D. They contain the chromosomes of the nucleus
Which reaction is anabolic? A. Splitting a triglyceride into glycerol and fatty acids B. Joining amino acids to produce a polypeptide C. Breaking glycogen into smaller sugars D. Hydrolysing a disaccharide to two monosaccharides
A constructed dataset estimates energy stored in different tissues. Which conclusion is supported? Tissue | Carbohydrate energy / kJ | Lipid energy / kJ | Protein energy / kJ Liver | 1450 | 2400 | 2100 Skeletal muscle | 7600 | 12800 | 65000 Adipose tissue |…
When human skeletal muscle relies more heavily on anaerobic respiration, which outcome is expected? A. A modest rapid ATP supply with lactate formation B. A greater ATP yield per glucose than complete aerobic oxidation C. Ethanol and oxygen as the main…
These constructed results compare corresponding gene sequences from two mammalian species. Greater divergence means more sequence differences. What can be deduced? A. The sampled autosomal sequences are less divergent than the Y-linked sequences B. The two…
The plot gives genome sizes of sampled isolates from four bacterial species. Vertical position only separates points for readability. Which conclusion is justified? A. Every isolate of a species has the same genome size B. U must encode the same number of…
In this hypothetical cloning procedure, only the nucleus of a skin cell from P is transferred to an egg from Q whose nucleus has been removed. Q’s egg retains its cytoplasm and mitochondria. The embryo is then carried by R. Which DNA sources are expected? A.…
In a model woodland survey, fungi are assigned to the nutritional groups shown. Which description matches the largest group? A. They obtain carbon mainly by photosynthesis B. They ingest large pieces of prey before internal digestion C. They digest dead…
A heritable variant that permits adult digestion of a particular dietary sugar becomes more frequent over many generations after that food becomes common. Which explanation is consistent with evolution? A. Eating the food directs every individual to produce…
A model compares ribosomal RNA sequence similarity in six organisms. Higher values mean greater similarity. Which pair is most consistent with membership of the same domain? Pair | Similarity coefficient R and S | 0.86 T and U | 0.89 V and W | 0.84 R and T |…
Compared with the corresponding artery, which feature generally characterizes a vein transporting blood back from a limb? A. A relatively wider lumen and thinner muscular wall B. A thicker muscular wall that generates the heartbeat C. No endothelial lining D.…
Which sequence is consistent with clot formation after vessel damage? A. Platelets release antibodies that become red cells B. Fibrin is converted into all circulating plasma proteins C. Clotting factors trigger reactions that generate a fibrin network sealing…
Which pairing of alveolar cell type and role is correct? A. Type I: main thin gas-exchange surface; type II: surfactant secretion B. Type I: oxygen manufacture; type II: haemoglobin synthesis C. Type I: antibody storage; type II: pumping blood D. Type I:…
In establishing the ionic gradients associated with a neuronal resting potential, what is the action of the sodium–potassium pump? A. It exchanges sodium outwards for potassium inwards B. It moves both ions only into the neuron C. It converts sodium ions into…
Which event normally initiates testis differentiation in an XY human embryo? A. The first adult menstrual cycle B. Expression of a gene on the Y chromosome that initiates testis development C. Adrenaline release during exercise D. The final release of an egg…
After fertilization, many epigenetic marks on the parental genomes are removed or reset. Why is this important for early development? A. It permanently eliminates every gene in the embryo B. It allows expression patterns needed for early developmental…
An aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase joins a particular amino acid to its matching tRNA using ATP. Why does the same enzyme not normally attach a different amino acid? A. ATP can supply energy to only one chemical reaction in a cell B. The active site has substrate…
A pathway converts substrate A through several steps into product Z. These constructed data show the first enzyme’s activity when Z is added. Which conclusion follows? A. Z is required for the enzyme to have any activity B. Z reduces activity at lower…
Which molecule carries electrons and associated chemical energy from matrix oxidation reactions to the mitochondrial electron transport chain? A. Cellulose B. Reduced NAD C. Oxygen bound permanently to DNA D. A newly formed chromosome
Which event occurs at step 1 in the simplified Calvin-cycle diagram? A. Rubisco catalyses the addition of carbon dioxide to ribulose bisphosphate B. ATP synthase directly splits ribulose bisphosphate C. Water is split to form molecular oxygen D. NADP is…
A plant grows in saline soil. Which adaptation could help maintain water uptake while limiting salt damage to cytoplasmic enzymes? A. Transporting absorbed ions into vacuoles, lowering cellular solute potential while keeping cytoplasmic ion levels controlled…
For a typical seed relying on aerobic respiration during germination, which environmental supply is required to support that respiration? A. Bright light at all times B. Oxygen C. Nitrate fertilizer added each hour D. Carbon dioxide as the terminal electron…
A model population survey records these ABO phenotypes. Which conclusion is supported? Blood group | Percentage O | 49 A | 34 B | 13 AB | 4 A. Only the AB group can contain heterozygous individuals B. Most people have the codominant AB phenotype C. The three…
In a hypothetical lineage of flying vertebrates, the distribution of adult wingspans shifts over many generations towards larger values. Which selection pattern is consistent with this change? A. Stabilizing selection centred on the original mean B.…
Which event in meiosis I generates new combinations of linked alleles? A. Exchange of DNA between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes B. Copying the entire genome after every chromosome separates C. Joining a chromosome to an unrelated…
Which reagent enables a pregnancy test to detect hCG specifically? A. Monoclonal antibodies with binding sites complementary to hCG B. hCG molecules that act as antibodies against all proteins C. Hybridoma cells producing human eggs directly on the strip D.…
Which description correctly relates the structural levels in skeletal muscle? A. A muscle fibre is typically multinucleate and contains myofibrils made of repeated sarcomeres B. Each sarcomere is a whole multinucleate muscle fibre C. Myosin makes cross-bridges…
Which adaptation can help a small desert mammal conserve water? A. A long loop of Henle supporting a strong medullary osmotic gradient B. A collecting duct permanently impermeable to water C. Loss of all ADH secretion during dehydration D. Sweating at a higher…
What is achieved by the acrosome reaction during human fertilization? A. Cortical granules are converted into sperm mitochondria B. Enzymes from the sperm help it pass through the zona pellucida C. All chromosomes are removed from the egg D. The sperm membrane…
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