Explain how organelle DNA, ribosomes and replication support bacterial origins of mitochondria and chloroplasts.
Tę umiejętność sprawdza 10 zadań wzorowanych na arkuszach IB z lat 2023–2026.
A pancreatic secretory cell contains the structures labelled Y in the schematic. (i) Distinguish between Y and the corresponding structures inside a mitochondrion. (ii) State one other organelle involved in exporting the proteins produced at Y.
Explain how features of the organelle represented by Y support the theory of endosymbiosis.
According to endosymbiotic theory, what event gave rise to mitochondria? A. An aerobic bacterium persisted inside an ancestral host cell B. A host nucleus transformed directly into a chloroplast C. A photosynthetic bacterium consumed every host organelle D. A…
A researcher wants DNA representing both nuclear and mitochondrial parts of a person’s genome. Which material can supply both? A. Only the acrosome from a sperm cell B. The nucleus and mitochondria from a skin cell C. Only the cytoplasm of a mature red blood…
An algal cell has smaller ribosomes inside its chloroplasts than in its surrounding cytosol. Which evolutionary explanation accounts for this observation? A. All chloroplast proteins are exactly half the length of cytosolic proteins B. Every ribosome shrinks…
Which observation supports an endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria? A. They contain their own DNA B. They are made only of cellulose C. They have no internal membranes D. They contain the chromosomes of the nucleus
Which property of chloroplasts supports descent from a formerly free-living prokaryote? A. They retain their own DNA B. They have a cellulose genome C. They contain no ribosomes D. They are surrounded by no membranes
In this hypothetical cloning procedure, only the nucleus of a skin cell from P is transferred to an egg from Q whose nucleus has been removed. Q’s egg retains its cytoplasm and mitochondria. The embryo is then carried by R. Which DNA sources are expected? A.…
(a) Describe how populations in an ecological community depend on one another for energy supplies. (b) Explain the endosymbiotic origin of organelles in plant cells. (c) Analyse how a flowering plant and its animal pollinator benefit from their interaction.
(a) Describe how populations in an ecological community depend on one another for energy supplies. (b) Explain the endosymbiotic origin of organelles in plant cells. (c) Analyse how a flowering plant and its animal pollinator benefit from their interaction.
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