Zadania wzorowane na pytaniach z tego arkusza: te same umiejętności, format i punktacja, inne dane i kontekst. Treści arkusza IB nie publikujemy.
W bazie 33 zadania z tego arkusza, razem 33 punkty, każde z kluczem i schematem punktowania. Najwięcej zadań sprawdza: The membrane's hydrophobic barrier (2), Evidence for endosymbiotic organelles (2).
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Dodaj cały arkusz do zestawuA laboratory needs to generate several distinct specialized cell types. What is an advantage of a pluripotent embryonic stem-cell line over a typical multipotent adult stem-cell population? A. A broader range of differentiated cell types can be produced B.…
Aseptate fungal hyphae and skeletal muscle fibres are often considered atypical cells. What feature do they share? A. Each lacks every membrane-bound organelle B. Many nuclei can occupy one continuous cytoplasmic region C. Both have a cellulose wall D. Both…
Which labelled regions in this membrane model are hydrophilic? A. I and II B. III and IV C. I and III D. II and IV
Glucose moves into a cell down its concentration gradient through a glucose carrier. Why is a membrane protein needed? A. Every downhill movement requires ATP hydrolysis B. Glucose is too non-polar to enter a lipid layer C. The carrier reverses the glucose…
According to endosymbiotic theory, what event gave rise to mitochondria? A. An aerobic bacterium persisted inside an ancestral host cell B. A host nucleus transformed directly into a chloroplast C. A photosynthetic bacterium consumed every host organelle D. A…
Which displayed molecule can supply a fatty-acid component when a phospholipid is assembled? A. S B. P C. Q D. R
How many mRNA bases specify the amino acids in this model peptide? Count only bases in the amino-acid codons, excluding a stop codon and untranslated regions. A. 40 B. 80 C. 60 D. 20
Plants are supplied with sufficient mineral nutrients and kept at their optimum temperature. CO₂ remains at ambient concentration. Which factor could limit the plateau reached at a light intensity of 360 units? A. Insufficient light at that point on this curve…
What differs among the standard amino acids incorporated into proteins? A. The chemical structure of the R-group B. The presence of an amino group versus a phosphate in every amino acid C. A requirement for a different genetic code in each species D. The…
A researcher wants DNA representing both nuclear and mitochondrial parts of a person’s genome. Which material can supply both? A. Only the acrosome from a sperm cell B. The nucleus and mitochondria from a skin cell C. Only the cytoplasm of a mature red blood…
Two homologous autosomes are compared at a particular locus. What do they normally carry at that position? A. Only alleles inherited from the father B. Necessarily the same new mutation C. Versions of the same gene, which may have different base sequences D.…
Assume this model condition is controlled by one gene, has complete penetrance and involves no new mutation. Where are the condition-causing alleles in affected individuals? A. Only on the Y chromosome B. Only on one X chromosome in every affected person C. On…
A DNA sample is separated by gel electrophoresis. What do the DNA fragments forming one narrow band have in common? A. Approximately the same number of base pairs B. Necessarily the same sequence at every base C. Opposite electrical charges D. Each must be one…
Identify P, Q and R in this model of a sunlit meadow ecosystem. A. P: minerals; Q: oxygen; R: chemical energy B. P: sunlight; Q: dissipated heat; R: inorganic nutrients C. P: glucose from space; Q: new carbon atoms; R: sunlight D. P: heat recycled from…
A constructed climate record shows atmospheric CO₂ rising from 305 to 465 ppm while the long-term temperature anomaly rises from −0.2 to +1.3 °C. Which mechanism can explain the warming contribution of the additional CO₂? A. CO₂ removes the need for the Earth…
Two distantly related mammal lineages have independently evolved defensive spines from hairs. Which explanation is consistent with their separate origins? A. The spines must have been inherited unchanged from their most recent common ancestor B. The two…
A newly arising heritable variant improves survival in a particular environment. Which pairing gives a possible source of that variant and a likely long-term effect of selection on competing alleles? A. Mutation; the competing alleles may decline in frequency…
For approximately how long is the left atrioventricular valve open during the 0.90-second model cycle? A. 0.90 s B. 0.54 s C. 0.36 s D. 0.12 s
This hypothetical regular cycle lasts 30 days, with the next menstrual period beginning on day 31. Which interval is most likely to include ovulation and the immediately preceding fertile days? This is a simplified physiology model, not a method of predicting…
What initiates the increase in thoracic volume during a normal inspiration? A. Air forcing the diaphragm upwards before the muscles act B. An increase in intrapulmonary pressure above atmospheric pressure C. Relaxation of all inspiratory muscles at once D.…
An experimental compound acts on potassium channels. Which effect explains the difference between the traces? A. Reduced outward potassium movement prolongs repolarization and the action potential B. Reduced inward potassium movement immediately speeds…
Animals receive carbohydrate meals in a model experiment. Which hormonal response can explain the positive association shown? A. Glucagon lowers blood glucose by preventing hepatic glucose release B. Insulin promotes conversion of glucose into glycogen in…
Which replication task is performed by bacterial DNA polymerase I? A. Joining adjacent fragments without adding nucleotides B. Synthesizing the original RNA primer C. Replacing RNA primer segments with DNA nucleotides D. Unwinding the parental double helix
Which model represents a typical mature eukaryotic mRNA after processing? A. P B. Q C. R D. S
Assume the inhibitors follow the standard competitive and non-competitive models. Which deduction is supported by these curves? A. P competes at the substrate-binding site and can resemble the substrate B. Both compounds must have the same mechanism C. Q…
Which row correctly identifies substances involved in glycolysis? A. Inputs contain no ATP; outputs contain no reduced electron carrier B. Inputs include glucose and ATP; outputs include pyruvate, reduced NAD and ATP C. Inputs are pyruvate and oxygen; outputs…
Which listed photosynthetic process directly consumes ATP? I. Photolysis of water II. Regeneration of ribulose bisphosphate III. Building the light-driven thylakoid proton gradient A. I and II B. II and III C. II only D. I only
At the start of growth, a stored underground tuber supplies a young shoot whose leaves are not yet photosynthetically self-supporting. Which pairing identifies a source and a sink for translocated carbon compounds? A. Source: growing shoot; sink: tuber B.…
Which explanation is consistent with the treatment’s effect on shoot growth? A. The barrier prevents auxin moving from the tip to elongating cells below B. The barrier increases auxin movement and therefore stops elongation C. Growth is prevented because light…
Which genetic explanation is consistent with the many small differences in seed mass in this model crop? A. Only one dominant–recessive gene can produce any quantitative variation B. Several genes contribute to the trait C. A single allele necessarily produces…
In a model bird population, intermediate clutch sizes have greater reproductive success than very small or very large clutches. After stabilizing selection acts over many generations, what pattern is expected? A. Intermediate clutches disappear first B. Every…
Blood becomes more concentrated than its normal range and ADH secretion increases. Which renal response helps restore water balance? A. The collecting ducts become completely impermeable to water B. All glomerular filtration stops permanently C. The kidney…
Cell P is a normal sperm. Cell Q has a developmental abnormality. Which consequence best explains reduced fertilization ability? A. It cannot efficiently penetrate the egg coverings to reach the egg cell membrane B. It must contain no nucleus C. It has no…
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