Explain competitive inhibition, including statins, and distinguish its response to substrate concentration from non-competitive inhibition.
Tę umiejętność sprawdza 14 zadań wzorowanych na arkuszach IB z lat 2022–2026.
Statins are used to reduce the synthesis of cholesterol by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase. Which account identifies their inhibition mechanism and binding location? A. Irreversible inhibition through destruction of the enzyme B. Competitive inhibition through…
Distinguish between competitive inhibition and pure non-competitive inhibition.
A dashed curve is the uninhibited reference. Which labelled curve is expected when a statin inhibits the enzyme responsible for a step in cholesterol synthesis? A. Curve Q B. Curve P C. Curve S D. Curve R
A pharmacology seminar considers molecules that alter biological interactions. (a) Explain competitive enzyme inhibition using a named example. (b) Describe chemical synaptic transmission and ways external chemicals can alter it. (c) Discuss possible…
Some environmental contaminants interfere with biological processes. (a) Describe how a persistent fat-soluble pesticide can become concentrated in predatory birds. (b) Compare and contrast competitive and non-competitive inhibition of enzymes. (c) Outline…
Assume the inhibitors follow the standard competitive and non-competitive models. Which deduction is supported by these curves? A. P competes at the substrate-binding site and can resemble the substrate B. Both compounds must have the same mechanism C. Q…
(a) Distinguish competitive inhibition from non-competitive inhibition. (b) Explain why atmospheric carbon dioxide can increase and how this threatens ocean ecosystems.
Substrate is supplied at the same concentration in all tests of a model enzyme. Which proposed mechanism is consistent with the results, although not proved by them? A. Z is required for all catalytic activity because the enzyme is inactive without it B.…
Which statement is consistent with non-competitive inhibition of an enzyme? A. The inhibitor can bind away from the active site without resembling the substrate B. The inhibitor must have exactly the substrate’s shape C. It blocks catalysis only by occupying…
Which statement is consistent with non-competitive inhibition of an enzyme? A. The inhibitor can bind away from the active site without resembling the substrate B. The inhibitor must have exactly the substrate’s shape C. It blocks catalysis only by occupying…
Enzymes, replication and evolutionary processes affect biological systems. (a) Outline, using graphs, effects of factors that influence enzyme activity. (b) Describe the functions of three named enzymes in DNA replication. (c) Explain speciation, including…
Which assignment best fits the curves? A. P: competitive; Q: no inhibition B. P: pure non-competitive; Q: competitive C. P: no inhibition; Q: pure non-competitive D. P: competitive; Q: pure non-competitive
A pathway converts substrate S into an unwanted product. Molecule J reversibly inhibits the first enzyme by competing with S. How does J act? A. It destroys all enzyme molecules irreversibly B. It binds the active site and reduces access by S C. It binds only…
An enzyme converts substrate S into product. Two molecules, P and Q, resemble the binding features of S and compete for its active site. At the same substrate concentration, P requires a concentration of 8 mmol L⁻¹ to halve the rate, while Q requires 0.04 mmol…
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