Zadanie 3b
Pentane reacts with bromine, Br2, to form 2-bromopentane. (i) Explain, using equations, the initiation step and two propagation steps for this reaction. (ii) State one termination step for this reaction.
Radical substitution of alkanes with halogens
Write the propagation and termination steps for the reaction of an alkane with a halogen, explain why a mixture of products forms, and account for the low reactivity of alkanes through their strong, non-polar C-C and C-H bonds.
Tę umiejętność sprawdza 10 zadań wzorowanych na arkuszach IB z lat 2022–2026.
Zadania sprawdzające tę umiejętność: 10 Otwórz w wyszukiwarce z filtrami
Zadanie 4c
Methane reacts with bromine gas in the presence of UV radiation to produce brominated hydrocarbons. (i) Explain, using an equation, how a bromine molecule undergoes homolytic fission. (ii) Using two equations, explain the propagation steps in the substitution…
Zadanie 4d
Ethane, C2H6, reacts with chlorine, Cl2, to produce chloroethane, C2H5Cl. Deduce the initiation step and two propagation steps for the mechanism of this reaction.
Zadanie 30
Which equation represents a propagation step in the radical substitution of ethane by bromine? A. Br2 → 2 Br ⋅ B. ⋅ C2H5 + Br ⋅ → C2H5Br C. C2H6 + Br ⋅ → C2H5Br + H ⋅ D. ⋅ C2H5 + Br2 → C2H5Br + Br ⋅
Zadanie 2b
(i) Oil of vitriol, spirit of hartshorn and wood alcohol are old trivial names still occasionally used for chemical substances, and names like these can be a source of confusion in international scientific communication. Outline how the modern system of naming…
- Materiał graficzny
Zadanie 29
Methane reacts with chlorine in the presence of ultraviolet light. Two observations about this reaction are listed. - Observation 1: in the initiation step, Cl−Cl bonds undergo homolytic fission but C−H bonds do not. - Observation 2: the…
Zadanie 1b
Ethane reacts with bromine gas, Br2(g), in the presence of UV light to form bromoethane. (i) State the type of this reaction and the name of its mechanism. (ii) Explain the mechanism of this reaction by writing equations for one initiation step, two…
Zadanie 24
Which species attacks a molecule of ethane in the first propagation step of its reaction with chlorine in ultraviolet light? A. chlorine atom, Cl ⋅ B. chlorine molecule, Cl2 C. chloride ion, Cl− D. hydrogen chloride molecule, HCl
Zadanie 24
Ethane and chlorine are exposed to ultraviolet light. Which species will most readily react with an ethane molecule? A. Cl2 molecule B. Cl− ion C. Cl ⋅ atom D. H+ ion
Zadanie 24
How many structural isomers of dichloropentane, C5H10Cl2, can be formed by the free-radical substitution of CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 with excess Cl2 in the presence of UV light? Ignore stereoisomers. A. 5 B. 7 C. 9 D. 12