Name and draw saturated and mono-unsaturated compounds with up to six carbons in the parent chain carrying one type of functional group (halogeno, hydroxyl, carbonyl or carboxyl), using prefixes, suffixes, locants and branch names correctly.
Tę umiejętność sprawdza 20 zadań wzorowanych na arkuszach IB z lat 2022–2026.
Compound X is a flavour compound that occurs in many plants. Its structure is shown below. (i) State the IUPAC name of compound X. (ii) State the name of the functional group represented by the C=O bond itself in compound X. (iii) Predict the size of the H–C=O…
Reactions of halogenoalkanes with hydroxide ions are an example of nucleophilic substitution. Deduce the equation, showing the movement of electrons with curly arrows, for the reaction of 1-chloropropane with aqueous potassium hydroxide.
Which of the following are structural isomers of the compound shown? I. 2-methylbut-2-ene II. 2-methylpent-1-ene III. pent-2-ene A. I and II only B. I and III only C. II and III only D. I, II and III
Which compound is formed when CH3CH2CH(CH3)C≡CH reacts with excess H2(g) over a nickel catalyst? A. 3-methylpentane B. 2-methylpentane C. 2,3-dimethylbutane D. hexane
State the IUPAC name of compound Y.
The compound X shown below occurs naturally in cocoa and coffee and is used as a flavouring agent. (i) State the name of the functional group found in compound X. (ii) Deduce the IUPAC name of X. (iii) Draw a structural isomer of X taken from a different…
(i) Oil of vitriol, spirit of hartshorn and wood alcohol are old trivial names still occasionally used for chemical substances, and names like these can be a source of confusion in international scientific communication. Outline how the modern system of naming…
What is the IUPAC name of the compound shown? A. 3-methylhexan-4-one B. 4-methylhexan-3-one C. 4-ethylpentan-3-one D. 2-ethylpentan-3-one
Which is a correct alternative representation of the molecule shown? A. C5H11Br B. 3-bromo-2-methylbut-1-ene C. CH2=CHC(CH3)2Br D. CH3CH=C(CH3)CH2Br
Suggest how the parts of the IUPAC name prop-2-enal match the structure of the compound.
Butanone can be made by the oxidation of butan-2-ol. Butan-2-ol can be synthesised in two ways: from an alkene H by the addition of water, or from a halogenoalkane J by a substitution reaction with aqueous sodium hydroxide. Draw the structure of H and state…
What is the name of this compound? BrCH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3 A. 1-bromo-3-ethylbutane B. 5-bromo-3-methylpentane C. 1-bromo-3-methylpentane D. 1-bromo-2-ethylbutane
What is the major product formed when bromine, Br2, reacts with but-1-ene in an inert solvent? A. 2,2-dibromobutane B. 2-bromobutane C. 1,2-dibromobutane D. 1-bromobutane
Which products are formed when hex-3-ene reacts separately with hydrogen bromide, HBr, to give X, and with bromine, Br2, to give Y? A. X: 2-bromohexane; Y: 3,4-dibromohexane B. X: 3,4-dibromohexane; Y: 3-bromohexane C. X: 3-bromohexane; Y:…
What is the IUPAC name of the compound shown? A. 4-chloro-5-methylhexan-2-one B. 3-chloro-2-methylhexan-5-one C. 5-methyl-4-chlorohexan-2-one D. 4-chloro-5-methylhexan-2-ol
Halogenoalkanes form a homologous series. (i) Outline the meaning of homologous series. (ii) State the preferred IUPAC name of each of the two compounds shown. (iii) But-1-ene can be polymerized. Draw a section of the resulting polymer showing two repeating…
What is the preferred IUPAC name of the compound shown? A. 4-methylpentan-3-ol B. 3-methylpentan-2-ol C. 2-methylpentan-3-ol D. 1-isopropylpropan-1-ol
State the name of a compound that forms the carboxylic acid isomer from 3e when it is heated under reflux with an excess of an oxidizing agent.
State the name of a compound that would form the carboxylic acid you drew in part 3e when it is heated under reflux with an excess of an oxidizing agent.
In one overall reaction, a carbonyl compound, Compound A, reacts with methylmagnesium iodide and the product is then treated with water: Compound A + CH3MgI + H2O → Compound B + Mg(OH)I (i) State the IUPAC name of Compound A. (ii) Identify…
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