Zadanie 1
Identify P and Q in this bacterial cell. A. P: membrane-bound nucleus; Q: lysosome B. P: nucleoid; Q: 70S ribosome C. P: mitochondrion; Q: storage vesicle D. P: folded chloroplast; Q: 80S ribosome
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Biology HL Paper 1, November 2022
Zadania wzorowane na pytaniach z tego arkusza: te same umiejętności, format i punktacja, inne dane i kontekst. Treści arkusza IB nie publikujemy.
W bazie 29 zadań z tego arkusza, razem 29 punktów, każde z kluczem i schematem punktowania. Najwięcej zadań sprawdza: Evaluating biological evidence and methods (4).
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Dodaj cały arkusz do zestawuZadanie 3
In a model investigation, lipids extracted from membranes are spread as a single molecular layer. The areas are shown. Which arrangement best accounts for the result and the contact of both membrane surfaces with water? Circles represent polar heads and paired…
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Zadanie 5
Which process produces the molecule shown from its monomers? A. Hydrolysis joins two nucleotides B. Condensation joins three amino acids C. Condensation joins two fatty acids D. Hydrolysis joins three amino acids
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Zadanie 6
Three microbial amylases are compared using equal enzyme concentrations at the same temperature. Which conclusion follows from these constructed results? A. Q has the highest optimum pH B. P has its highest measured rate at pH 7 C. R is inactive at every…
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Zadanie 7
Which schematic correctly connects the components along one DNA strand? P denotes phosphate, S deoxyribose and B a base. A. Arrangement A B. Arrangement B C. Arrangement C D. Arrangement D
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Zadanie 8
Which conclusion is supported by these action spectra? A. Neither sample photosynthesizes at 530 nm B. P has a higher rate than Q at every red wavelength C. Q has the higher rate around 530–560 nm D. The results establish both rates at 800 nm
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Zadanie 9
Which description matches the branching structure of glycogen? A. Beta-glucose chains joined only by hydrogen bonds B. Alpha-glucose chains with 1,4 linkages and 1,6 branch points C. Alternating amino acids joined through 1,6 peptide bonds D. A single…
Zadanie 10
Two inherited versions of the same gene occupy corresponding loci on homologous chromosomes. What distinguishes these alleles? A. Their nucleotide sequences can differ B. Each must occur on a different chromosome number C. One must be RNA and the other DNA D.…
Zadanie 11
A family includes children with blood groups O, A and AB. Which parental genotype pair can produce all three phenotypes under the usual ABO model? A. IᴬIᴬ and Iᴮi B. Iᴬi and Iᴮi C. IᴬIᴮ and ii D. Iᴬi and ii
Zadanie 14
How does feeding by a woodlouse on leaf litter differ from saprotrophic feeding by a fungus? A. The woodlouse ingests material before digestion; the fungus digests externally before absorbing products B. Both must fix atmospheric carbon using light C. The…
Zadanie 15
A sealed illuminated model ecosystem contains a small plant and initially adequate water, air and mineral ions. Decomposers are excluded, while dead plant material accumulates over a long period. Which limitation would eventually result from the missing…
Zadanie 17
A constructed survey finds that pale moths become more frequent after soot deposits on tree bark decline. Which explanation is consistent with natural selection? A. Every dark moth changes its inherited colour in response to cleaner air B. Pale moths become…
Zadanie 18
Sequence comparisons place a plant genus within a different evolutionary lineage from the one inferred using flower shape alone. Why might its family assignment be revised? A. All plants growing at one altitude must be in one family B. Every new DNA sample…
Zadanie 20
This schematic looks across the heart at the level of its valves. During ventricular ejection, what is the state of P, Q and R? A. P open; Q open; R closed B. P closed; Q open; R closed C. P closed; Q closed; R open D. P open; Q closed; R open
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Zadanie 21
Which processes can make pathogen control more difficult? I. Selection of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. II. Genetic changes producing new pathogen variants. III. Antibiotics acting as an effective treatment against every virus. A. I and II B. II and III C. I…
Zadanie 22
Which combination correctly matches structures around a mammalian alveolus to their roles? A. Type I cell: surfactant secretion; type II cell: main thin diffusion surface; capillary: carries inhaled air B. Type I cell: gas diffusion; type II cell: surfactant…
Zadanie 23
In a model vaccination study, protection decreases gradually over many years without further exposure. Which change in the adaptive immune system could explain a need for a booster? A. All lymphocytes become neurons B. The vaccine stimulates only a nonspecific…
Zadanie 24
An experimental antagonist occupies acetylcholine-binding sites without activating the receptors. What direct effect does this have at an excitatory cholinergic synapse? A. It increases acetylcholine binding at those occupied postsynaptic sites B. It prevents…
Zadanie 25
Light inhibits pineal melatonin secretion. A model daily cycle is shown; usual bedtime is 22:00. Which effect could bright screen exposure around bedtime have? A. Delay the evening rise in melatonin B. Force the peak to occur before sunset in every person C.…
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Zadanie 26
During transcription, which enzyme locally separates the DNA strands as it makes the RNA transcript? A. DNA ligase B. A ribosomal peptidyl-transferase centre C. RNA polymerase D. DNA polymerase III
Zadanie 28
Which event occurs before a complete ribosome begins repeated peptide-bond formation during initiation of translation? A. A free polypeptide is released at a stop codon B. The small ribosomal subunit associates with the mRNA C. The entire mRNA is converted…
Zadanie 29
An enzyme converts substrate S into product. Two molecules, P and Q, resemble the binding features of S and compete for its active site. At the same substrate concentration, P requires a concentration of 8 mmol L⁻¹ to halve the rate, while Q requires 0.04 mmol…
Zadanie 30
The space between the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes has a small volume. How does this assist oxidative phosphorylation? A. It allows electrons to accumulate as a dissolved nutrient B. It permits a proton concentration difference to develop with fewer…
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Zadanie 31
Which conversion is part of the Calvin cycle? A. Triose phosphate is oxidised directly to oxygen B. Glycerate 3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate C. Ribulose bisphosphate is produced by splitting water D. Carbon dioxide is formed by oxidation of…
Zadanie 32
A water-filled potometer estimates water uptake by tracking a bubble in a capillary. To compare uptake rates of two leafy plant species, which variables should be kept the same? I. Total exposed leaf area. II. Air temperature. III. The decorative colour of the…
Zadanie 34
A nectar-feeding bat carries pollen between flowers of the same species. Why can the interaction be mutualistic? A. The bat receives food while pollen transfer supports plant reproduction B. Only the bat gains and the plant always dies C. The bat supplies the…
Zadanie 35
Two unlinked loci determine seed colour and surface texture, with complete dominance at each locus. Which cross can produce four phenotypes in equal expected proportions? A. RrTt × rrtt B. RRTT × rrtt C. RrTt × RrTt D. rrTT × RRtt
Zadanie 36
Two insect populations use different courtship signals and rarely mate in nature. Laboratory pairing can produce fertile hybrid offspring. Which interpretation is justified? A. The populations have no barrier to mating in nature B. Behavioural isolation can…
Zadanie 39
Which process is shared by typical human spermatogenesis and oogenesis? A. Each meiotic precursor ultimately forms four equal-sized functional gametes B. Each begins with a population of germline precursor cells increased by mitosis C. Each pauses at prophase…