Zadanie 1a, Paper 2, maj 2025, TZ2, Biologia IB SL
Wzorowane na: Biology SL Paper 2, May 2025, TZ2, pytanie 1(a). Treść, dane i kontekst są zmienione; sprawdzane umiejętności, format i punktacja jak w oryginale.
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Zadanie
Wspólne informacje do wiązki zadań
A constructed coastal-food-web study investigates a crab introduced outside its native range. It eats hard-shelled bivalves and small, mobile crustaceans. The males have larger claws than the females. Twelve crabs of each sex are observed for ten hours in single-prey trials and in mixed-prey trials with both prey types. The graph shows mean consumption and variability among crabs.
PowiększThe following table gives pooled counts and an illustrative chi-squared comparison of prey proportions between treatments.
| Sex | Single: bivalves | Single: crustaceans | Mixed: bivalves | Mixed: crustaceans | χ² | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | 60 | 36 | 54 | 24 | 0.863 | 0.353 |
| Female | 6 | 42 | 6 | 36 | 0.062 | 0.804 |
Polecenie
(i) Compare and contrast male and female consumption under the two treatments.
(ii) Suggest one reason the sexes differ in prey preference.
(iii) Suggest one prey characteristic that could influence feeding choice.
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Odpowiedź z klucza
(i) Both sexes eat both prey types in both treatments. ✔
For each sex, bivalve consumption changes little between treatments. ✔
Both sexes consume slightly fewer prey overall in mixed-prey trials. ✔
Both sexes show substantial variation among individuals. ✔
Males favour bivalves, whereas females favour mobile crustaceans. ✔
Males consume more prey overall than females. ✔
Male crustacean consumption falls more between treatments while female consumption changes relatively little. ✔
Male bivalve consumption declines slightly, whereas female consumption remains unchanged. ✔
(ii) Larger/stronger male claws may open shells more effectively OR large claws may handle agile prey less effectively OR the sexes may have different energy/nutrient requirements. ✔
(iii) Shell protection, attachment to rocks, escape speed, energy/nutrient content, taste or prey size. ✔
Schemat punktowania
Part (i): any4, at most3 similarities and3 differences. Part(ii): any1 valid reason. Part(iii): any1 characteristic. Total6. Accept inverse comparisons.