Wzorowane na: Chemistry HL Paper 2, November 2025, TZ3, pytanie 3(c). Treść, dane i kontekst są zmienione; sprawdzane umiejętności, format i punktacja jak w oryginale.
Informacja do zadań 3a-3h.
In industry, benzene can be formed from cyclohexane through a gas-phase equilibrium reaction.

(i) Sketch the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution curve for 298 K on the same axes as the 800 K curve.
(ii) On the graph, annotate the position corresponding to the activation energy, .
(iii) With reference to the graph, explain why a lower temperature results in a decreased rate of reaction.
(iv) Suggest, giving a reason, how increasing the pressure affects the position of equilibrium.
(v) Outline how a decrease in temperature affects the position of equilibrium.
(i) curve with a higher peak AND displaced to the left «lower energy» AND lying below the 800 K curve at high kinetic energy, starting at the origin and not crossing the x-axis ✔
(ii) marked as a vertical line / a point on the kinetic energy axis to the right of both peaks ✔
(iii) «at the lower temperature» the area under the curve to the right of is smaller ✔
fewer particles / a smaller proportion of particles have «so fewer collisions are successful per unit time» ✔
(iv) shifts left / towards cyclohexane AND there are more moles / molecules of gas on the product side «4 compared with 1» ✔
(v) «forward» reaction is endothermic AND the position shifts left / towards the reactants «the exothermic reverse reaction is favoured» ✔
(i) [1]; do not award the mark if the new curve crosses the x-axis or rises above the 800 K curve at high energy. (ii) [1]; accept a correct label on the x-axis or on a drawn vertical line. (iii) M1: reference to the area under the curve beyond Ea; M2: fewer particles with energy at or above Ea. (iv) [1] for the direction with the reason. (v) [1] for the direction linked to the endothermic forward reaction; accept 'the exothermic reverse reaction is favoured'.
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ZrobioneOdhaczanie zapisuje się na Twoim koncie, więc wymaga darmowego konta. Zajmuje chwilę i wracasz do tego samego zadania.