How fast? The rate of chemical change

Pentan-2-ol can form by reacting pent-1-ene with water in the presence of an acid catalyst. $\ce{CH2=CHCH2CH2CH3(g) + H2O(l) -> CH3CH(OH)CH2CH2CH3(aq)}$ $\Delta H^\ominus = -84\ \mathrm{kJ\,mol^{-1}}$ (i) Explain why increasing the temperature would increase…

What is the effect of decreasing temperature on this Maxwell-Boltzmann energy distribution curve? A. The curve maximum is higher and to the left of A. B. The curve maximum is lower and to the right of A. C. The curve maximum is higher and to the right of A. D.…

Which of these changes will increase the time taken for this reaction to go to completion? $\ce{Zn(s) + H2SO4(aq) -> ZnSO4(aq) + H2(g)}$ A. Increase the temperature B. Increase the concentration of $\ce{H2SO4}$ C. Use powdered zinc instead of zinc granules D.…

The sealed vessel was left for the reaction to proceed. Suggest two properties of the system, other than its colour, that could be measured to follow the progress of the reaction over time, and predict how each would change as the forward reaction proceeds.

When potassium thiocyanate solution is added to a pale yellow solution containing iron(III) ions, the following equilibrium is established. $\ce{[Fe(H2O)6]^3+(aq) + SCN^-(aq) <=> [Fe(SCN)(H2O)5]^2+(aq) + H2O(l)}$ $\ce{[Fe(H2O)6]^3+(aq)}$ is pale yellow and…

The rate of the reaction can be followed by measuring the volume of carbon dioxide collected as time passes. The graph shows the results obtained at 20 °C. Sketch, on the same axes, the curve you would expect if the experiment were repeated with the acid at a…

(i) Determine, using a suitable construction drawn on the graph, the initial rate at which $\ce{CO2(g)}$ is released, in $\mathrm{g\,s^{-1}}$, in the reaction with 1.20 $\mathrm{mol\,dm^{-3}}$ $\ce{HNO3(aq)}$. (ii) Determine the average rate of release of…

In moist air carbonyl dibromide is slowly hydrolyzed: $\ce{Br2CO(g) + H2O(g) -> CO2(g) + 2HBr(g)}$ (i) Suggest a method of monitoring the progress of this reaction at constant temperature so that its rate can be determined. (ii) Outline two reasons why a…

In the first step, manganese(III) ions formed from the manganate(VII) are complexed by ethanedioate ions. $\ce{[Mn(H2O)6]^3+(aq) + 2C2O4^2-(aq) -> [Mn(C2O4)2(H2O)2]^-(aq) + 4H2O(l)}$ (i) Adding a small amount of manganese(II) sulfate, $\ce{MnSO4(s)}$, at the…

Compound Y undergoes nucleophilic substitution with a hydroxide nucleophile. (i) Describe the movement of electron pairs during the reaction using curly arrows. (ii) Contrast homolytic and heterolytic fission of the C–Cl bond in compound Y. (iii) Explain,…