Intermolecular forces and physical properties

The final step can be summarized as: $\ce{3NO2(g) + H2O(l) -> 2HNO3(aq) + NO(g)}$ $\Delta H^\ominus = -138\ \mathrm{kJ\,mol^{-1}}$ Describe the types of bonding found in the concentrated aqueous nitric acid product.

Pentan-2-ol can form by reacting pent-1-ene with water in the presence of an acid catalyst. $\ce{CH2=CHCH2CH2CH3(g) + H2O(l) -> CH3CH(OH)CH2CH2CH3(aq)}$ $\Delta H^\ominus = -84\ \mathrm{kJ\,mol^{-1}}$ (i) Explain why increasing the temperature would increase…

At room temperature hydrogen cyanide is a liquid that evaporates readily, whereas ethyne, $\ce{C2H2}$, which has almost the same molar mass, is a gas that boils at −84 °C. (i) Draw the Lewis formula of the hydrogen cyanide molecule, showing all valence…

Which row shows the gas and the conditions under which its behaviour is closest to that of an ideal gas? A. Hydrogen fluoride, $\ce{HF}$, at high pressure and low temperature B. Methane, $\ce{CH4}$, at high pressure and low temperature C. Hydrogen fluoride,…

Hydrogen fluoride boils at 20 °C, whereas hydrogen chloride boils at −85 °C. Which type of intermolecular force accounts for the much higher boiling point of hydrogen fluoride? A. Hydrogen bonding B. Dipole-dipole forces C. London (dispersion) forces D.…

Suggest why hot-tub owners rarely add bromine itself to the water and instead use solid tablets that release HOBr.

The graph shows the boiling points of five straight-chain carboxylic acids and of the five methyl esters that have the same relative formula masses as the acids. (i) Outline why the carboxylic acids have higher boiling points than the esters with the same…