Measuring and calculating rate of reaction

Define rate as change in concentration per unit time, calculate average and instantaneous rates from the gradient or tangent of concentration, volume or mass against time graphs, and describe practical ways to follow a reaction (gas volume, mass loss, colour, conductivity).

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Zadanie 3aPaper 1B, maj 2025, TZ2
wzorowane3 pktobliczenioweśrednie (szac.)

(i) Determine, using a suitable construction drawn on the graph, the initial rate at which COX2(g)\ce{CO2(g)} is released, in gs1\mathrm{g\,s^{-1}}, in the reaction with 1.20 moldm3\mathrm{mol\,dm^{-3}} HNOX3(aq)\ce{HNO3(aq)}. (ii) Determine the average rate of release of…

Zadanie 19Paper 1A, maj 2025, TZ3
wzorowane1 pktzamkniętełatwe (szac.)

Which of the following could be used to follow the progress of the reaction between calcium carbonate and dilute nitric acid? CaCOX3(s)+2HNOX3(aq)Ca(NOX3)X2(aq)+HX2O(l)+COX2(g)\ce{CaCO3(s) + 2HNO3(aq) -> Ca(NO3)2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)} I. A balance recording the mass of the open flask and its contents II. A…

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