Write balanced equations for reactions of acids with metal oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, hydrogencarbonates, ammonia and amines, name the salt formed, and identify the parent acid and base of a given salt.
Tę umiejętność sprawdza 20 zadań wzorowanych na arkuszach IB z lat 2022–2026.
(i) Write a balanced equation for the reaction, including state symbols. (ii) Deduce what property of this reaction makes it possible to follow its rate by both methods. (iii) Magnesium carbonate was used in excess so that all of the acid would react.…
Some ionic compounds are the product of acid–base neutralization reactions. (i) State the names of the acid and the base that would produce sodium methanoate, HCOONa. (ii) Estimate the pH value of an aqueous solution of sodium methanoate. (iii) Ionic salts can…
(c) After 30 minutes, the student stopped heating the mixture and titrated a sample of the solution remaining in the flask with NaOH to determine the experimental yield of propanoic acid. Explain why the titrated sample will give an incorrect value for the…
Which products are formed when sulfuric acid, H2SO4(aq), reacts with solid magnesium carbonate, MgCO3(s)? A. MgSO4(s) and H2CO3(aq) B. MgSO4(aq), H2O(l) and CO2(g) C. MgSO4(s), H2O(l) and…
Which equation correctly represents a reaction of dilute sulfuric acid? A. H2SO4 + MgCO3 → MgSO4 + CO2 + H2O B. H2SO4 + 2 Ag → Ag2SO4 + H2 C. H2SO4 + 2 KOH → K2SO4 + H2 D. H2SO4 + 2 NaHCO3 → Na2SO4 + 2 H2O
(i) In aqueous solution sulfuric acid transfers a proton to a water molecule, forming the hydroxonium ion, H3O+. Annotate the structure of the hydroxonium ion to indicate the coordination bond. (ii) Write an equation for the reaction between excess…
The pool operators add sodium carbonate to the water to raise its pH. Explain why a larger proportion of the dissolved chlorine reacts with water after the sodium carbonate has been added.
A single dose of an antacid tablet contains 1.850 g of sodium hydrogencarbonate, NaHCO3, and 0.600 g of calcium carbonate, CaCO3. Stomach acid is hydrochloric acid. Mr(NaHCO3) = 84.01 and Mr(CaCO3) = 100.09 Determine the amount of…
Diclofenac, an anti-inflammatory drug, is often supplied as its sodium salt, which dissolves in water more readily than the diclofenac molecule itself. Circle the functional group that reacts with sodium hydroxide when this salt is prepared.
Some antacid tablets contain aluminium hydroxide. Write an equation for the neutralization reaction between aluminium hydroxide and stomach acid (hydrochloric acid).
Outline one chemical test, other than the use of an indicator, that can distinguish between the two acids, and state the expected result.
Calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide are two antacids. Write an equation for the reaction of each antacid with excess hydrochloric acid in the stomach. Calcium carbonate: Magnesium hydroxide:
One antacid tablet contains 1.50 g of calcium carbonate and a second tablet contains 1.50 g of magnesium hydroxide. Show by calculation that the tablet of magnesium hydroxide would neutralize more hydrochloric acid than the tablet of calcium carbonate.
Magnesium hydroxide is the active ingredient of some indigestion remedies, which neutralize excess hydrochloric acid in the stomach. (i) Write an equation for the reaction of magnesium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid. (ii) Calculate the mass, in g, of…
Which products are formed when dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with solid calcium carbonate? A. Calcium chloride and water B. Calcium chloride, carbon dioxide and water C. Calcium chloride and hydrogen D. Calcium hydroxide and carbon dioxide
Magnesium hydroxide is used as an antacid to neutralize excess stomach acid, which is hydrochloric acid. Write an equation for the reaction between magnesium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid, including state symbols.
Calcium carbonate is an active ingredient in some antacid tablets. Write an equation, including state symbols, for the reaction of calcium carbonate with the hydrochloric acid in the stomach.
100 cm3 of each of two solutions are mixed. Which pair of solutions gives a buffer? A. 0.10 mol dm−3 CH3COOH and 0.10 mol dm−3 NaOH B. 0.20 mol dm−3 CH3COOH and…
A 0.50 mol dm−3 solution of ammonium chloride is prepared. (i) Calculate the pH of an ammonium chloride solution with [H3O+] = 1.68 × 10−5 mol dm−3. Use section 1 of the data booklet. (ii) Write the equation for the…
Equal volumes of 0.050 mol dm−3 ethanoic acid and 0.050 mol dm−3 hydrochloric acid are each titrated with 0.050 mol dm−3 sodium hydroxide solution. Which quantity is the same for the two titrations? A. Initial pH…
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