Functional groups in organic compounds

Identify by name and structure the halogeno, hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, alkoxy, amino, amido, ester and phenyl groups in a molecule, and explain how functional groups determine the class and properties of a compound.

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Which functional groups are present in this molecule? A. Secondary amine, hydroxyl, alkoxy B. Tertiary amine, alcohol, ketone C. Tertiary amine, hydroxyl, alkoxy D. Secondary amine, alcohol, ketone

Each indicator contains more than one benzene ring. (i) State one functional group, other than the phenyl group, that is present in all three indicators. (ii) Deduce the colour of light absorbed by bromothymol blue in acidic conditions and by bromophenol blue…

The structure of galantamine is shown below. (i) State the name of the functional group that contains the nitrogen atom. (ii) Outline the effect of this functional group on the pH of water in which galantamine is dissolved, giving the direction of the change…

Which two functional groups occur in both molecule P and molecule Q? A. Amino and a benzene ring B. Hydroxyl and ester C. Hydroxyl and a benzene ring D. Amino and hydroxyl

(i) Oil of vitriol, spirit of hartshorn and wood alcohol are old trivial names still occasionally used for chemical substances, and names like these can be a source of confusion in international scientific communication. Outline how the modern system of naming…

A compound used to make polymers, hexanedioic acid, can be produced by a series of reactions starting from cyclohexane. (i) Deduce how reactant A is related to hex-1-ene. (ii) For the C=O functional group present in intermediate C, state its structural…

HA reacts with aqueous sodium carbonate according to the equation: $\ce{2HA(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) -> 2NaA(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)}$ Identify the functional group in HA that is responsible for this reaction.

Butan-2-ol reacts with octadecanoic (stearic) acid to form an ester that is used as a lubricant. $\ce{C17H35COOH(l) + CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3(l) <=> C17H35COOCH(CH3)CH2CH3(l) + X(l)}$ (i) Identify the by-product X(l) and state the type of reaction taking place. (ii)…

Which molecule contains an ester functional group? A. $\ce{CH3CH2COOH}$ B. $\ce{CH3CH2OCH2CH3}$ C. $\ce{CH3COOCH2CH3}$ D. $\ce{CH3CH2CHO}$

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