Name and draw saturated and mono-unsaturated compounds with up to six carbons in the parent chain carrying one type of functional group (halogeno, hydroxyl, carbonyl or carboxyl), using prefixes, suffixes, locants and branch names correctly.
Tę umiejętność sprawdza 17 zadań wzorowanych na arkuszach IB z lat 2022–2026.
Compound X is a flavour compound that occurs in many plants. Its structure is shown below. (i) State the IUPAC name of compound X. (ii) State the name of the functional group represented by the C=O bond itself in compound X. (iii) Predict the size of the H–C=O…
Reactions of halogenoalkanes with hydroxide ions are an example of nucleophilic substitution. (i) Sketch the mechanism for the reaction of 1-chloropropane with aqueous potassium hydroxide. Use curly arrows to show the movement of electrons. (ii) State the name…
(i) State the names of the organic compounds used to produce the ester shown below. (ii) State the name of the by-product of this reaction. (iii) The compounds butan-1-ol and ethoxyethane have the same molar mass. Their structures are shown below. Explain,…
Which of the following are structural isomers of the compound shown? I. 2-methylbut-2-ene II. 2-methylpent-1-ene III. pent-2-ene A. I and II only B. I and III only C. II and III only D. I, II and III
Which compound is formed when CH3CH2CH(CH3)C≡CH reacts with excess H2(g) over a nickel catalyst? A. 3-methylpentane B. 2-methylpentane C. 2,3-dimethylbutane D. hexane
State the IUPAC name of compound Y.
The compound X shown below occurs naturally in cocoa and coffee and is used as a flavouring agent. (i) State the name of the functional group found in compound X. (ii) Deduce the IUPAC name of X. (iii) Deduce how many signals the NMR spectrum of X…
(i) Oil of vitriol, spirit of hartshorn and wood alcohol are old trivial names still occasionally used for chemical substances, and names like these can be a source of confusion in international scientific communication. Outline how the modern system of naming…
What is the IUPAC name of the compound shown? A. 3-methylhexan-4-one B. 4-methylhexan-3-one C. 4-ethylpentan-3-one D. 2-ethylpentan-3-one
Which is the correct IUPAC name for the compound shown? A. 2-methylpent-3-enoic acid B. 4-methylpent-2-enoic acid C. 4-methylpent-3-enoic acid D. 3-methylbut-1-enoic acid
Suggest how the parts of the IUPAC name prop-2-enal match the structure of the compound.
What is the name of this compound? BrCH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3 A. 1-bromo-3-ethylbutane B. 5-bromo-3-methylpentane C. 1-bromo-3-methylpentane D. 1-bromo-2-ethylbutane
What is the major product formed when bromine, Br2, reacts with but-1-ene in an inert solvent? A. 2,2-dibromobutane B. 2-bromobutane C. 1,2-dibromobutane D. 1-bromobutane
What is the IUPAC name of the compound shown? A. 4-chloro-5-methylhexan-2-one B. 3-chloro-2-methylhexan-5-one C. 5-methyl-4-chlorohexan-2-one D. 4-chloro-5-methylhexan-2-ol
Halogenoalkanes form a homologous series. (i) Outline the meaning of homologous series. (ii) State the preferred IUPAC name of each of the two compounds shown. (iii) State which of the two compounds contains a chiral carbon atom and identify that carbon atom…
What is the preferred IUPAC name of the compound shown? A. 4-methylpentan-3-ol B. 3-methylpentan-2-ol C. 2-methylpentan-3-ol D. 1-isopropylpropan-1-ol
(i) State the IUPAC name of Compound B. (ii) Both compounds are liquids at room temperature. Identify the strongest intermolecular force between molecules of Compound B. (iii) State how many σ (sigma) bonds and how many π (pi) bonds one molecule of Compound A…
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