Stereoisomers: cis-trans and optical isomerism

Explain why restricted rotation around C=C and in small rings gives cis-trans isomers, identify chiral carbons, draw enantiomers as non-superimposable mirror images with tetrahedral wedge formulas, and describe how enantiomers differ in optical activity.

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Which molecules exhibit cis-trans isomerism? I. Pent-2-ene II. 1,1-dichloroethene III. 1,2-dibromoethene A. I and II only B. I and III only C. II and III only D. I, II and III

The structure of galantamine is shown below. (i) State the name of the functional group that contains the nitrogen atom. (ii) Outline the effect of this functional group on the pH of water in which galantamine is dissolved, giving the direction of the change…

Compound Y is chiral. Draw its two optical isomers, showing the three-dimensional arrangement of the groups around the chiral centre.

Several stereoisomers exist among the dichloroalkenes of molecular formula $\ce{C4H6Cl2}$ . (i) Draw the structural formula of cis-2,3-dichlorobut-2-ene. (ii) Outline why the cis-isomer of 2,3-dichlorobut-2-ene is polar, whereas the trans-isomer is not. (iii)…

Which compound shows cis-trans isomerism? A. Compound A B. Compound B C. $\ce{CH2=C(CH3)2}$ D. $\ce{CH3CH=CH2}$

How many chiral centres does the molecule shown contain? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

Consider the molecule octa-1,3,5,7-tetraene. How many stereoisomers of octa-1,3,5,7-tetraene are possible? A. 3 B. 4 C. 8 D. 16

Which molecule contains a chiral centre? A. $\ce{CH3CH(NH2)COOH}$ B. $\ce{(CH3)2CHCOOH}$ C. $\ce{CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3}$ D. $\ce{ClCH2CH(OH)CH2Cl}$

Which of the following compounds show stereoisomerism? I. $\ce{CH3CH=CHCH3}$ II. $\ce{CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3}$ III. $\ce{(CH3)2C=CH2}$ A. I and II only B. I and III only C. II and III only D. I, II and III

Which pair of compounds correctly illustrates the stated type of isomerism? A. Positional isomerism: $\ce{CH3CH2CHO}$ and $\ce{CH3COCH3}$ B. Functional group isomerism: $\ce{CH3CH2CH2CH2OH}$ and $\ce{CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3}$ C. Cis-trans isomerism: the two compounds…

(i) Draw the structural formula of 2-chloropentane and that of the structural isomer in which the chlorine atom is attached to a tertiary carbon atom. (ii) Only one of the two isomers drawn in (c)(i) is chiral. Draw stereochemical formulas showing its two…

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