Zadanie 5c
Wzorowane na: Chemistry HL Paper 2, November 2023, TZ1, pytanie 5(c). Treść, dane i kontekst są zmienione; sprawdzane umiejętności, format i punktacja jak w oryginale.
Darmowe konto pozwoli wrócić do niego później.
Informacja do zadań 5a-5h.
Aluminium has a low density, which is why it is widely used in aircraft and in specialized alloys.
Polecenie
Aluminium forms a chloride, AlCl3.
(i) Draw the Lewis (electron dot) structure of the AlCl3 molecule.
(ii) Outline why the Lewis structure of AlCl3 is an exception to the octet rule.
Sprawdź rozwiązanieUkryj rozwiązanieKlucz i punktacja
Odpowiedź z klucza
(i) aluminium atom in the centre joined by three single bonds «shared pairs» to three chlorine atoms ✔
«each chlorine atom has three lone pairs; the aluminium atom has no lone pair»
(ii) aluminium has only six electrons / three pairs in its valence shell / an incomplete octet / is electron deficient ✔
Schemat punktowania
(i) [1] for a structure with Al bonded to three Cl, three lone pairs on each Cl and none on Al. (ii) [1]. Accept “fewer than eight electrons around the central atom”.