Zadanie 4a
Wzorowane na: Chemistry HL Paper 2, November 2023, TZ1, pytanie 4(a). Treść, dane i kontekst są zmienione; sprawdzane umiejętności, format i punktacja jak w oryginale.
Darmowe konto pozwoli wrócić do niego później.
Informacja do zadań 4a-4c.
Carbonyl sulfide, COS, reacts with steam in a gas phase hydrolysis according to the overall equation
COS(g) + H2O(g) ⇌ CO2(g) + H2S(g)
Polecenie
(i) Calculate the enthalpy change of this reaction using section 13 of the data booklet together with the values given below:
| COS(g) | H2S(g) | |
|---|---|---|
| ΔHf⊖ / kJ mol−1 | −142 | −21 |
(ii) Outline why the entropy change of this reaction is expected to be small.
(iii) Ignoring any entropy change, estimate the equilibrium constant, Kc, at 500 K from your answer to (i), using sections 1 and 2 of the data booklet.
(If you could not obtain an answer to (i), use −45.0 kJ mol−1; this is not the correct value.)
(iv) The equilibrium concentrations are:
| COS(g) | H2O(g) | CO2(g) | H2S(g) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.0200 mol dm−3 | 0.0500 mol dm−3 | x mol dm−3 | x mol dm−3 |
Using your answer to (iii), calculate the value of x, the equilibrium concentration of carbon dioxide.
(If you could not obtain an answer to (iii), use 5.05 × 104; this is not the correct value.)
Sprawdź rozwiązanieUkryj rozwiązanieKlucz i punktacja
Odpowiedź z klucza
(i) (reactants) «= −142 + (−242)» = −384 «kJ mol−1» AND (products) «= −394 + (−21)» = −415 «kJ mol−1» ✔
«ΔH⊖ = −415 − (−384)» = −31 «kJ mol−1» ✔
(ii) the number of moles of gas is the same on both sides of the equation «two on each side» ✔
(iii) «ΔG⊖ = ΔH⊖ − TΔS⊖ ≈ ΔH⊖» = −31 «kJ mol−1»
«» = 7.46 ✔
Kc = 1.74 × 103 ✔
(iv) «» ✔
x «» = 1.32 «mol dm−3» ✔
Schemat punktowania
(i) Award [2] for a correct final answer. Award [1] for +13 «kJ mol−1», obtained with −286 kJ mol−1 for liquid water instead of −242 for steam. (ii) [1]. (iii) Award [2] for a correct final answer; using −45.0 kJ mol−1 gives Kc = 5.05 × 104; ECF from +13 kJ mol−1 gives Kc = 4.38 × 10−2. (iv) Award [2] for a correct final answer; using 5.05 × 104 gives x = 7.11; ECF from Kc = 4.38 × 10−2 gives x = 6.62 × 10−3.
Komentarz
Using the equilibrium expression for the equation as written (not inverted) is the usual place where marks are lost in (iv).