Electron configurations of atoms and ions

Chemia IBPaper 2, maj 2026, TZ3wzorowane5 pktotwarteśrednie (szac.)

Zadanie 1a

(i) Magnesium burns in oxygen according to the equation $\ce{Mg(s) + 1/2 O2(g) -> MgO(s)}$. Explain, using electron configurations, how ions are formed by magnesium and oxygen and how these ions form a compound. (ii) Explain, using electron configurations, why…

Chemia IBPaper 2, maj 2026, TZ1wzorowane5 pktobliczenioweśrednie (szac.)

Zadanie 2a

(i) State the number of protons, electrons and neutrons in $\ce{^{85}Rb+}$. (ii) State the full electron configuration for $\ce{^{85}Rb+}$. (iii) The relative atomic mass, A_r, of Rb is 85.47. Determine the relative mass of the first isotope of Rb to four…

• Tabela do uzupełnienia

Chemia IBPaper 2, maj 2026, TZ1wzorowane5 pktotwarteśrednie (szac.)

Zadanie 2b

(i) Explain why Rb has a lower first ionization energy than strontium, Sr. (ii) Outline why Rb has a lower electronegativity than potassium, K. (iii) Explain why oxygen, O, has a lower first ionization energy than nitrogen, N.

Chemia IBPaper 1A, maj 2026, TZ2wzorowane1 pktzamknięteśrednie (szac.)

Zadanie 3

Which species has the ground state electron configuration [Ar] 3d⁸? A. Cu²⁺ B. Zn²⁺ C. Ni D. Ni²⁺

Chemia IBPaper 1A, maj 2025, TZ1wzorowane1 pktzamknięteśrednie (szac.)

Zadanie 2

The letters below stand for four species, not for element symbols. Which pair of species has an identical number of outer-shell electrons? $\ce{^{31}_{15}J^{2-}}$, $\ce{^{40}_{18}L^{+}}$, $\ce{^{39}_{19}M^{+}}$, $\ce{^{32}_{16}Q^{2+}}$ A. J and M B. L and Q C.…

Chemia IBPaper 2, maj 2025, TZ1wzorowane1 pktotwartełatwe (szac.)

Zadanie 2a

Deduce the electron configuration of the Fe³⁺ ion.

Chemia IBPaper 1A, maj 2025, TZ1wzorowane1 pktzamkniętełatwe (szac.)

Zadanie 4

Which diagram shows the electron configuration of an oxygen atom in its ground state? A. Diagram A B. Diagram B C. Diagram C D. Diagram D

• Materiał graficzny

Chemia IBPaper 2, maj 2025, TZ3wzorowane6 pktotwarteśrednie (szac.)

Zadanie 10a

(i) State the electron configuration of a nitrogen atom. (ii) Draw the Lewis formula of ammonia. (iii) Deduce the electron domain geometry and the molecular geometry of the ammonia molecule. (iv) Explain why the ammonia molecule is polar.

Chemia IBPaper 1A, maj 2025, TZ3wzorowane1 pktzamkniętełatwe (szac.)

Zadanie 13

Which electron configuration is correct for a chromium atom, Cr, in its ground state? A. [Ar] 4s¹ 3d⁵ B. [Ar] 4s² 3d⁴ C. [Ar] 3d⁶ D. [Ar] 4s² 4d⁴

Chemia IBPaper 1A, maj 2025, TZ2wzorowane1 pktzamknięteśrednie (szac.)

Zadanie 16

What is the electron configuration of the Co²⁺ ion? A. [Ar] 3d⁷ B. [Ar] 4s² 3d⁵ C. [Ar] 4s¹ 3d⁶ D. [Ar] 4s² 3d⁷

Chemia IBPaper 2, listopad 2025, TZ1wzorowane8 pktotwarteśrednie (szac.)

Zadanie 1a

(i) The boxes for the 1s and 2s orbitals of a sulfur atom are shown below. Draw the remaining orbitals needed for its ground-state electron configuration, filling and labelling each one. Use section 7 of the data booklet. (ii) For a sulfur atom, sketch the…

• Materiał graficzny

Chemia IBPaper 1A, listopad 2025, TZ1wzorowane1 pktzamkniętełatwe (szac.)

Zadanie 3

The diagrams show the 3s and 3p sublevels of a sulfur atom; the inner sublevels are full. Which diagram represents the ground-state electron configuration, in agreement with the Pauli exclusion principle and Hund's rule? A. Diagram A B. Diagram B C. Diagram C…

• Materiał graficzny

Chemia IBPaper 2, listopad 2025, TZ3wzorowane4 pktobliczenioweśrednie (szac.)

Zadanie 5d

Anhydrous nickel(II) chloride is yellow, whereas magnesium chloride is white. (i) State nickel's condensed electron configuration. (ii) In terms of electron configuration, state why nickel(II) chloride is a coloured compound. (iii) Nickel(II) chloride absorbs…

Chemia IBPaper 2, maj 2024, TZ2wzorowane2 pktotwartełatwe (szac.)

Zadanie 2a

Give the full electron configuration of a nitrogen atom in its ground state and state how many of its electrons are unpaired.

Chemia IBPaper 1, maj 2024, TZ2wzorowane1 pktzamknięteśrednie (szac.)

Zadanie 9

In which diagram are the 4s and 3d orbitals of the Ni²⁺ ion correctly filled with electrons? A. Diagram A B. Diagram B C. Diagram C D. Diagram D

• Materiał graficzny

Chemia IBPaper 1, listopad 2024wzorowane1 pktzamknięteśrednie (szac.)

Zadanie 10

Which electron configuration is that of a transition element atom in its ground state? A. [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p¹ B. [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² C. [Ar] 3d⁶ D. [Ar] 3d⁸ 4s²

Chemia IBPaper 3, maj 2023, TZ1wzorowane1 pktotwartełatwe (szac.)

Zadanie 1c

The first electron affinity of magnesium is positive. Sketch the 3s and 3p orbital filling diagram of the species formed when one electron is added to a gaseous magnesium atom.

• Materiał graficzny

Chemia IBPaper 3, maj 2023, TZ2wzorowane1 pktotwarteśrednie (szac.)

Zadanie 1f

Suggest, giving one reason, whether the volume of a single atom could ever be known exactly.

Chemia IBPaper 2, maj 2023, TZ1wzorowane3 pktotwartełatwe (szac.)

Zadanie 2a

(i) Annotate and label the ground state orbital diagram of carbon below, using arrows to represent electrons. (ii) Sketch the shapes of the two types of occupied orbital identified in part (i) on the axes below, and state the orbital type for each.

• Materiał graficzny

Chemia IBPaper 1, maj 2023, TZ2wzorowane1 pktzamkniętełatwe (szac.)

Zadanie 4

Which diagram shows the ground-state electron configuration of the 3s and 3p sublevels of a phosphorus atom, 3s² 3p³? A. Diagram A B. Diagram B C. Diagram C D. Diagram D

• Materiał graficzny

Chemia IBPaper 2, maj 2023, TZ2wzorowane5 pktotwarteśrednie (szac.)

Zadanie 8c

Nickel forms the chloride NiCl₂. (i) State the full electron configuration of the nickel(II) ion, Ni²⁺. (ii) In aqueous solution nickel(II) ions exist as [Ni(H₂O)₆]²⁺, which is green. Describe the interaction between the nickel ion and a…

Chemia IBPaper 2, maj 2022, TZ2wzorowane3 pktotwarteśrednie (szac.)

Zadanie 5a

(i) State the full electron configuration of Co²⁺. (ii) Explain why there is a large increase from the 9th to the 10th ionization energy of cobalt.

Chemia IBPaper 2, maj 2022, TZ1wzorowane6 pktotwarteśrednie (szac.)

Zadanie 6a

Ozone, O₃, is an allotrope of oxygen found in the upper atmosphere. (i) Complete the boxes with arrows to show the ground-state electron configuration of an oxygen atom. (ii) Deduce a Lewis (electron dot) structure of O₃ in which every atom has…

• Materiał graficzny

Chemia IBPaper 1, maj 2022, TZ1wzorowane1 pktzamkniętełatwe (szac.)

Zadanie 7

Which is the electron configuration of an atom of a metallic element? A. [He] 2s² 2p³ B. [Ne] 3s² 3p⁵ C. [Ar] 3d⁶ 4s² D. [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁴

Chemia IBPaper 2, listopad 2022wzorowane5 pktotwarteśrednie (szac.)

Zadanie 2e

Compound P can be synthesized by reacting 4,6-dichloroquinazoline with another reactant, B. (i) Deduce the structure of B. (ii) The reaction can be catalysed by copper(I) iodide, CuI. State the ground-state electron configuration of the Cu⁺ ion.…

• Materiał graficzny

Chemia IBPaper 2, listopad 2022wzorowane1 pktotwartełatwe (szac.)

Zadanie 3a

State the ground-state electron configuration for Ni²⁺.

Chemia IBPaper 2, listopad 2022wzorowane2 pktotwarteśrednie (szac.)

Zadanie 3e

Outline the magnetic properties of nickel by referring to its electron configuration.