Zadanie 1a
(i) Magnesium burns in oxygen according to the equation . Explain, using electron configurations, how ions are formed by magnesium and oxygen and how these ions form a compound. (ii) Explain, using electron configurations, why…
Chemistry HL Paper 2, May 2026, TZ3
Zadania wzorowane na pytaniach z tego arkusza: te same umiejętności, format i punktacja, inne dane i kontekst. Treści arkusza IB nie publikujemy.
Dodaj cały arkusz do zestawuZadanie 1b
Potassium also forms compounds with polyatomic ions. 2 KOH(aq) + Cu(NO3)2(aq) → Cu(OH)2(s) + 2 KNO3(aq) (i) 30.0 cm3 of a 0.380 mol dm−3 potassium hydroxide, KOH, solution is mixed with 25.0 cm3 of a 0.310…
Zadanie 1c
Some ionic compounds are the product of acid–base neutralization reactions. (i) State the names of the acid and the base that would produce sodium methanoate, HCOONa. (ii) Estimate the pH value of an aqueous solution of sodium methanoate. (iii) Ionic salts can…
Zadanie 2a
(i) Sulfur dioxide is oxidized to sulfur trioxide by nitrogen dioxide in the atmosphere. Determine the enthalpy change, ΔH⊖, in kJ mol−1, for the reaction SO2(g) + NO2(g) → SO3(g) + NO(g) given these reactions and enthalpy…
- Materiał graficzny
Zadanie 2b
The oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide is an equilibrium reaction. 2 SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2 SO3(g) (i) State the equilibrium constant expression, K, for the reaction. (ii) Explain, with a reason, how compressing the gas mixture at constant…
- Materiał graficzny
Zadanie 2c
Nitrogen monoxide reacts with chlorine in the atmosphere: 2 NO(g) + Cl2(g) → 2 NOCl(g) The rate equation was determined experimentally as Rate = k[NO]2[Cl2]. (i) A student proposed the following mechanism and suggested that Step 1 was the…
- Tabela do uzupełnienia
Zadanie 3a
Silver has two stable and abundant isotopes. Its relative atomic mass is 107.87. (i) Determine the percent abundance of each isotope, showing your working. (ii) State the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in .
- Tabela do uzupełnienia
Zadanie 3b
(i) Outline why the strength of the metallic bond increases from potassium, K, to calcium, Ca. (ii) Write an equation for the reaction of potassium, K, with water, including state symbols. (iii) Outline why the electronegativity of chlorine is greater than…
Zadanie 3c
Steel is an alloy of iron with a small percentage of carbon. (i) Outline one reason why steel is harder than pure iron. (ii) State one property of iron, other than hardness, that can be modified by forming an alloy.
Zadanie 3d
Iron and nickel can be used to design a voltaic cell. Fe(s) + Ni2+(aq) → Fe2+(aq) + Ni(s) (i) Annotate the diagram with the appropriate electrodes, electrolyte solutions and the direction of electron flow. (ii) The redox reactions in some voltaic…
- Materiał graficzny
Zadanie 3e
The copper(II) ion, Cu2+, forms a variety of coloured complexes. (i) Outline, with a reason, why solutions containing [Cu(H2O)6]2+ ions are blue. Use section 15 of the data booklet. (ii) State the type of bond between the copper(II) ion and…
Zadanie 4a
Reactions of halogenoalkanes with hydroxide ions are an example of nucleophilic substitution. (i) Sketch the mechanism for the reaction of 1-chloropropane with aqueous potassium hydroxide. Use curly arrows to show the movement of electrons. (ii) State the name…
Zadanie 4b
Propane undergoes complete combustion. C3H8(g) + 5 O2(g) → 3 CO2(g) + 4 H2O(l) (i) Calculate the standard enthalpy change of reaction, ΔH⊖, in kJ mol−1, for the combustion of propane. Use section 13 of the data booklet. (ii)…
Zadanie 4c
(i) State the names of the organic compounds used to produce the ester shown below. (ii) State the name of the by-product of this reaction. (iii) The compounds butan-1-ol and ethoxyethane have the same molar mass. Their structures are shown below. Explain,…
- Materiał graficzny
Zadanie 4d
Ethane, C2H6, reacts with chlorine, Cl2, to produce chloroethane, C2H5Cl. (i) Outline why the reaction does not start unless the mixture is exposed to ultraviolet light. (ii) Deduce two propagation steps and one termination step for this…
Zadanie 4e
(i) Explain why 1,2-dichloroethene, ClCH=CHCl, has two stereoisomers but 1,1-dichloroethene, CH2=CCl2, does not. (ii) State the hybridization of the carbon atoms in propene, CH3CH=CH2. (iii) Predict the number of signals and the relative…
Zadanie 4f
Ethanol can be used as a fuel. (i) Calculate the enthalpy change for the combustion of ethanol using section 12 of the data booklet. C2H5OH(g) + 3 O2(g) → 2 CO2(g) + 3 H2O(g) (ii) The enthalpy of formation of ethanol is defined from its elements. State,…