Zadanie 1
What is the mass of one molecule of white phosphorus, P4? Use NA = 6.02 × 1023 mol−1. A. 5.1 × 10−23 g B. 2.1 × 10−22 g C. 4.9 × 1021 g D. 7.5 × 1025 g
Chemistry HL Paper 1, May 2023, TZ2
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Dodaj cały arkusz do zestawuZadanie 2
50 cm3 of gas X reacts with 20 cm3 of gas Y to form 20 cm3 of a gaseous product and leaves 10 cm3 of X unreacted. All volumes are measured at the same temperature and pressure. What is the empirical formula of…
Zadanie 3
The pressure p of a fixed mass of an ideal gas was measured at constant temperature for several different volumes V. Which graph shows p plotted against 1/V? A. Graph A B. Graph B C. Graph C D. Graph D
- Materiał graficzny
Zadanie 4
Which diagram shows the ground-state electron configuration of the 3s and 3p sublevels of a phosphorus atom, 3s2 3p3? A. Diagram A B. Diagram B C. Diagram C D. Diagram D
- Materiał graficzny
Zadanie 5
The graph shows the successive ionization energies of an element in period 3. Which element is it? A. Si B. P C. S D. Cl
- Materiał graficzny
Zadanie 6
Which sequence shows the oxides in order of increasing acidity? A. P4O10 < MgO < Al2O3 B. Al2O3 < P4O10 < MgO C. P4O10 < Al2O3 < MgO D. MgO < Al2O3 < P4O10
Zadanie 7
Which properties decrease down group 17, the halogens? I. electronegativity II. first ionization energy III. melting point A. I and II only B. I and III only C. II and III only D. I, II and III
Zadanie 8
A pale blue solution of [Cu(H2O)6]2+ turns deep blue when aqueous ammonia is added in excess and the complex ion [Cu(NH3)4(H2O)2]2+ forms. Which factor explains the change in colour? A. Charge on the metal ion B. Number of d electrons in the…
Zadanie 9
Which molecule contains a central atom with fewer than eight electrons in its valence shell? A. NCl3 B. SCl2 C. CS2 D. BeCl2
Zadanie 10
Which sequence shows the compounds in order of increasing boiling point? A. CH3CH2CH2OH < CH3COCH3 < CH3CH2CH2CH3 B. CH3COCH3 < CH3CH2CH2CH3 < CH3CH2CH2OH C. CH3CH2CH2CH3 < CH3CH2CH2OH < CH3COCH3 D.…
Zadanie 11
Which sequence shows the bond angles in H2O, NH3 and BF3 in order of increasing size? A. BF3 < NH3 < H2O B. H2O < NH3 < BF3 C. NH3 < H2O < BF3 D. H2O < BF3 < NH3
Zadanie 12
Which is the preferred Lewis structure of the phosphate ion, PO43−, based on formal charge? A. Structure A B. Structure B C. Structure C D. Structure D
- Materiał graficzny
Zadanie 13
Ozone, O3, absorbs ultraviolet radiation with a wavelength of 300 nm and dissociates. Oxygen, O2, does not dissociate at this wavelength. Which comparison of the bonds in O3 with the bond in O2 is correct? A. Longer and weaker B.…
Zadanie 14
The standard enthalpy change of formation of hydrogen chloride gas is −92 kJ mol−1. How much energy, in kJ, is released in the following reaction? H2(g) + Cl2(g) → 2 HCl(g) A. 46 B. 92 C. 368 D. 184
Zadanie 15
When 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm−3 HNO3 is mixed with 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm−3 KOH in a calorimeter, the temperature of the solution rises by 6.0 °C. What is the temperature rise, in °C, when 50…
Zadanie 16
Which pair of changes both involve an increase in entropy? A. N2(g) + 3 H2(g) → 2 NH3(g) and H2O(l) → H2O(s) B. CaCO3(s) → CaO(s) + CO2(g) and CO2(g) → CO2(s) C. Ag+(aq) + Cl−(aq) → AgCl(s) and…
Zadanie 17
A reversible reaction in a closed vessel at constant temperature and pressure has reached equilibrium. Which statement is correct? A. The change in Gibbs energy, ΔG, is zero B. The standard change in Gibbs energy, ΔG⊖, is zero C.…
Zadanie 18
Curve X (dashed) shows the volume of oxygen formed when 25 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm−3 hydrogen peroxide solution decomposes in the presence of a manganese(IV) oxide catalyst at 25 °C. 2 H2O2(aq) → O2(g) + 2 H2O(l) Which change would…
- Materiał graficzny
Zadanie 19
Which pair of colliding species has the highest probability that a collision with sufficient energy also has the proper orientation? A. CH3Cl + OH− B. Br ⋅ + Br ⋅ C. C2H4 + HBr D. CH4 + Cl ⋅
Zadanie 20
Which proposed mechanism for the following reaction is consistent with the rate equation? H2(g) + 2 ICl(g) → I2(g) + 2 HCl(g) rate = k[H2][ICl] A. One step: H2 + 2 ICl → I2 + 2 HCl B. Step 1 (slow): H2 + ICl → HI + HCl;…
Zadanie 21
The temperature of a reaction mixture is raised and the rate constant, k, increases. Which statement best explains why? A. The activation energy of the reaction decreases B. The reaction becomes more exothermic C. More particles are present in the same…
Zadanie 22
A saturated solution of magnesium hydroxide contains undissolved solid. Which change will shift the position of the equilibrium to the right? Mg(OH)2(s) ⇌ Mg2+(aq) + 2 OH−(aq) A. Adding more solid Mg(OH)2 B. Adding dilute hydrochloric acid C.…
Zadanie 23
A reaction has a standard Gibbs energy change, ΔG⊖, of −8.0 kJ mol−1 at 298 K. Which statement about the equilibrium constant, K, and the equilibrium mixture is correct? A. K < 1; the equilibrium mixture contains mostly…
Zadanie 24
The table shows the acid dissociation constants of two substances. A third substance, methanol, does not ionize in water. Which sequence shows the aqueous solutions, all of equal concentration, in order of increasing electrical conductivity? A. methanol <…
- Tabela do uzupełnienia
Zadanie 25
Which graph represents the pH curve for the titration of a weak acid with a strong base? A. Graph A B. Graph B C. Graph C D. Graph D
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Zadanie 26
Which mixture forms an acidic buffer solution? A. 25 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm−3 NaOH added to 50 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm−3 ethanoic acid B. 25 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm−3 NaOH added…
Zadanie 27
The ionic product constant of water, Kw, has the value 2 × 10−15 at 5 °C and 1 × 10−13 at 60 °C. One solution at 5 °C and another solution at 60 °C each have a pH of 6.50. Which statement compares the concentrations of hydrogen…
Zadanie 28
Which species is the reducing agent in the following reaction? 2 MnO4−(aq) + 5 SO32−(aq) + 6 H+(aq) → 2 Mn2+(aq) + 5 SO42−(aq) + 3 H2O(l) A. MnO4− B. H+ C. Mn2+ D. SO32−
Zadanie 29
Which statement describes a voltaic cell? A. It converts electrical energy to chemical energy using a spontaneous redox reaction B. It converts chemical energy to electrical energy using a non-spontaneous redox reaction C. It converts electrical energy to…
Zadanie 30
A standard hydrogen half-cell is connected to a standard Cu2+/Cu half-cell. A voltmeter shows 0.34 V and electrons flow in the external circuit from the hydrogen half-cell to the copper half-cell. Which statement is correct? A. The hydrogen half-cell…
Zadanie 31
A steel spoon is to be coated with silver by electrolysis. Which arrangement is correct? A. The spoon is the cathode, a silver rod is the anode and the electrolyte is aqueous AgNO3 B. The spoon is the anode, a silver rod is the cathode and the…
Zadanie 32
Which compound is an aromatic ester? A. Compound A B. Compound B C. Compound C D. Compound D
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Zadanie 34
What is the preferred IUPAC name of the compound shown? A. 4-methylpentan-3-ol B. 3-methylpentan-2-ol C. 2-methylpentan-3-ol D. 1-isopropylpropan-1-ol
- Materiał graficzny
Zadanie 35
What is the correct order of reaction types in the following sequence? A. I: addition; II: substitution; III: oxidation B. I: substitution; II: addition; III: oxidation C. I: addition; II:…
Zadanie 36
A solution contains 2.0 g of one enantiomer of a chiral compound and 2.0 g of its mirror image in 100 cm3. The pure first enantiomer, at this concentration, rotates the plane of polarized light by +34.0° under the same conditions. What…
Zadanie 37
In the nitration of benzene with a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid, the nitronium ion, NO2+, attacks the benzene ring. What is the role of NO2+ and what type of reaction takes place? A. Nucleophile; nucleophilic…
Zadanie 38
A student determines the formula of hydrated copper(II) sulfate, CuSO4 ⋅ x H2O, by heating a weighed sample until its mass is constant. Which observation would explain a systematic error in the value of x? A. The crucible was always weighed while it was…
Zadanie 40
The graph shows how the concentration of dinitrogen pentaoxide, N2O5, changes with time during its decomposition at constant temperature. What is the average rate of reaction, expressed as the rate of decrease in the concentration of N2O5, over…
- Materiał graficzny